Tensor square of a torsion-free module ($R$ domain)












3












$begingroup$


Linked to my comment there.




Let $M$ be a torsion-free module over a domain $R$. Is $Motimes_R M$ torsion-free ? If not, a counterexample would be appreciated.











share|cite|improve this question











$endgroup$








  • 4




    $begingroup$
    For a counter example, try $(x,y)=Msubset R=k[x,y]$.
    $endgroup$
    – Mohan
    Jan 25 at 14:20










  • $begingroup$
    By $(x,y)$ do you mean $(x)+(y)$ ?
    $endgroup$
    – Duchamp Gérard H. E.
    Jan 25 at 14:34






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    @Duchamp $(x,y) = (x) + (y)$
    $endgroup$
    – Ben
    Jan 25 at 15:03


















3












$begingroup$


Linked to my comment there.




Let $M$ be a torsion-free module over a domain $R$. Is $Motimes_R M$ torsion-free ? If not, a counterexample would be appreciated.











share|cite|improve this question











$endgroup$








  • 4




    $begingroup$
    For a counter example, try $(x,y)=Msubset R=k[x,y]$.
    $endgroup$
    – Mohan
    Jan 25 at 14:20










  • $begingroup$
    By $(x,y)$ do you mean $(x)+(y)$ ?
    $endgroup$
    – Duchamp Gérard H. E.
    Jan 25 at 14:34






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    @Duchamp $(x,y) = (x) + (y)$
    $endgroup$
    – Ben
    Jan 25 at 15:03
















3












3








3





$begingroup$


Linked to my comment there.




Let $M$ be a torsion-free module over a domain $R$. Is $Motimes_R M$ torsion-free ? If not, a counterexample would be appreciated.











share|cite|improve this question











$endgroup$




Linked to my comment there.




Let $M$ be a torsion-free module over a domain $R$. Is $Motimes_R M$ torsion-free ? If not, a counterexample would be appreciated.








commutative-algebra tensor-products






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share|cite|improve this question













share|cite|improve this question




share|cite|improve this question








edited Jan 26 at 8:27









user26857

39.3k124183




39.3k124183










asked Jan 25 at 10:52









Duchamp Gérard H. E.Duchamp Gérard H. E.

2,644919




2,644919








  • 4




    $begingroup$
    For a counter example, try $(x,y)=Msubset R=k[x,y]$.
    $endgroup$
    – Mohan
    Jan 25 at 14:20










  • $begingroup$
    By $(x,y)$ do you mean $(x)+(y)$ ?
    $endgroup$
    – Duchamp Gérard H. E.
    Jan 25 at 14:34






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    @Duchamp $(x,y) = (x) + (y)$
    $endgroup$
    – Ben
    Jan 25 at 15:03
















  • 4




    $begingroup$
    For a counter example, try $(x,y)=Msubset R=k[x,y]$.
    $endgroup$
    – Mohan
    Jan 25 at 14:20










  • $begingroup$
    By $(x,y)$ do you mean $(x)+(y)$ ?
    $endgroup$
    – Duchamp Gérard H. E.
    Jan 25 at 14:34






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    @Duchamp $(x,y) = (x) + (y)$
    $endgroup$
    – Ben
    Jan 25 at 15:03










4




4




$begingroup$
For a counter example, try $(x,y)=Msubset R=k[x,y]$.
$endgroup$
– Mohan
Jan 25 at 14:20




$begingroup$
For a counter example, try $(x,y)=Msubset R=k[x,y]$.
$endgroup$
– Mohan
Jan 25 at 14:20












$begingroup$
By $(x,y)$ do you mean $(x)+(y)$ ?
$endgroup$
– Duchamp Gérard H. E.
Jan 25 at 14:34




$begingroup$
By $(x,y)$ do you mean $(x)+(y)$ ?
$endgroup$
– Duchamp Gérard H. E.
Jan 25 at 14:34




1




1




$begingroup$
@Duchamp $(x,y) = (x) + (y)$
$endgroup$
– Ben
Jan 25 at 15:03






$begingroup$
@Duchamp $(x,y) = (x) + (y)$
$endgroup$
– Ben
Jan 25 at 15:03












2 Answers
2






active

oldest

votes


















2












$begingroup$

Here is what I believe is the argument Mohan had in mind:



Let $k$ be a field and $x$ and $y$ indeterminates. Set
$$
R:=k[x,y],quad M:=(x,y)subset R.
$$

As we have
$$
xy (xotimes y-yotimes x)=x^2otimes y^2-x^2otimes y^2=0
$$

in $Motimes_RM$, it suffices to check $xotimes yne yotimes x$ (again in $Motimes_RM$).



To do that we equip $k$ with an $R$-module structure by letting $x$ and $y$ act by zero, and we note that the map $Motimes_RMto k$,
$$
(fotimes g)mapstofrac{partial f}{partial x}(0,0) frac{partial g}{partial y}(0,0)
$$

is well-defined, $R$-linear and sends $xotimes y$ to $1$ and $yotimes x$ to $0$.






share|cite|improve this answer









$endgroup$













  • $begingroup$
    OK, very nice method !
    $endgroup$
    – Duchamp Gérard H. E.
    Jan 26 at 15:35



















3












$begingroup$

Following the suggestions of Mohan and Ben, I put here an example of torsionfree (and even torsionless) module $M$ over a domain $R$ such that its tensor square $Motimes_R M$ has torsion. If, of course, somebody has a shorter proof/construction, I'll be delighted to accept his/her answer.



Let $k$ be a field and $x,y$ two commuting variables; set $R=k[x,y]$. As a $k$-algebra, $R$ is graded by the total degree
$$
R_n=span_k{x^py^q|p+q=n}
$$

Consider the ideal $M:=R_{geq 1}=oplus_{ngeq 1}R_n=(x)+(y)=(x,y)$. As a $k$ vector space $M$ is graded by the preceding definition (the range of degrees is $mathbb{N}_{geq 1}$). We first look at the tensor square
$Motimes_k M$ and its graded structure given by
$$
(Motimes_k M)_n=oplus_{p+q=n}R_potimes_k R_q .
$$

(this time, the range of degrees is $mathbb{N}_{geq 2}$) and we consider the quotient
$$
N={(Motimes_k M)}/{(Motimes_k M)_{geq 3}}
$$

and, denoting by $s:(Motimes_k M)to N$ the canonical quotient mapping, we see that $N$ has $k$-dimension 4 with basis $B={e_{ab}}_{a,bin {x,y}}$ with $e_{ab}=s(aotimes_k b)$. Now, one checks easily that the $k$-bilinear map
begin{align*}
M times M &to N, \
(u,v) &mapsto Phi_k(uotimes_k v)=s(uotimes_k v)
end{align*}

is, in fact, $R$-bilinear (check it with monomials $x^py^q$). Hence it gives rise to a linear map $Phi_R : M otimes_R M to N$. This suffices to prove that
$t=xotimes_R y-yotimes_R xnot=0$ as $Phi_R(t)=e_{xy}-e_{yx}$ (note that $tin Motimes_R M$). But now
$$
x.t=x^2otimes_R y-xyotimes_R x=xotimes_R xy-xotimes_R yx=0
$$


which shows the claim.



Late edit Here, tensor products are thought and constructed as in
Bourbaki Algebra II § 3 eq. (1). More precisely, if $M$ (resp. $N$)
is a $B$-module on the right (resp. $N$ is a $B$-module on the left),
$Motimes_B N$ is a the solution of the universal problem with
$f, (Mtimes N)to G$ bi-additive and satisfying,
for $xin M, yin N, lambdain B$
$$
f(xlambda,y)=f(x,lambda y)
$$

but, if $M,N$ have other structures commuting with the $B$-actions, the
tensor product $Motimes_B N$ automatically inherits these properties. For example, here, as $R$ is commutative, all $R$-modules are $R-R$-bimodules.






share|cite|improve this answer











$endgroup$













  • $begingroup$
    Torsionless and torsion-free are different notions.
    $endgroup$
    – user26857
    Jan 25 at 23:20






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    Of course, I added [(and even torsionless)] in the text and accepted Darij's edits. I think/hope it sounds better now.
    $endgroup$
    – Duchamp Gérard H. E.
    Jan 26 at 5:50










  • $begingroup$
    $xy (xotimes y-yotimes x)=x^2otimes y^2-x^2otimes y^2=0$
    $endgroup$
    – Pierre-Yves Gaillard
    Jan 26 at 11:29










  • $begingroup$
    True if $otimes=otimes_R$ and I think not if $otimes=otimes_k$
    $endgroup$
    – Duchamp Gérard H. E.
    Jan 26 at 13:44












  • $begingroup$
    @DuchampGérardH.E. - In the question you wrote $otimes_R$, right? (Please use the @sign if you want me to be notified of your comment.)
    $endgroup$
    – Pierre-Yves Gaillard
    Jan 26 at 14:04











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2 Answers
2






active

oldest

votes








2 Answers
2






active

oldest

votes









active

oldest

votes






active

oldest

votes









2












$begingroup$

Here is what I believe is the argument Mohan had in mind:



Let $k$ be a field and $x$ and $y$ indeterminates. Set
$$
R:=k[x,y],quad M:=(x,y)subset R.
$$

As we have
$$
xy (xotimes y-yotimes x)=x^2otimes y^2-x^2otimes y^2=0
$$

in $Motimes_RM$, it suffices to check $xotimes yne yotimes x$ (again in $Motimes_RM$).



To do that we equip $k$ with an $R$-module structure by letting $x$ and $y$ act by zero, and we note that the map $Motimes_RMto k$,
$$
(fotimes g)mapstofrac{partial f}{partial x}(0,0) frac{partial g}{partial y}(0,0)
$$

is well-defined, $R$-linear and sends $xotimes y$ to $1$ and $yotimes x$ to $0$.






share|cite|improve this answer









$endgroup$













  • $begingroup$
    OK, very nice method !
    $endgroup$
    – Duchamp Gérard H. E.
    Jan 26 at 15:35
















2












$begingroup$

Here is what I believe is the argument Mohan had in mind:



Let $k$ be a field and $x$ and $y$ indeterminates. Set
$$
R:=k[x,y],quad M:=(x,y)subset R.
$$

As we have
$$
xy (xotimes y-yotimes x)=x^2otimes y^2-x^2otimes y^2=0
$$

in $Motimes_RM$, it suffices to check $xotimes yne yotimes x$ (again in $Motimes_RM$).



To do that we equip $k$ with an $R$-module structure by letting $x$ and $y$ act by zero, and we note that the map $Motimes_RMto k$,
$$
(fotimes g)mapstofrac{partial f}{partial x}(0,0) frac{partial g}{partial y}(0,0)
$$

is well-defined, $R$-linear and sends $xotimes y$ to $1$ and $yotimes x$ to $0$.






share|cite|improve this answer









$endgroup$













  • $begingroup$
    OK, very nice method !
    $endgroup$
    – Duchamp Gérard H. E.
    Jan 26 at 15:35














2












2








2





$begingroup$

Here is what I believe is the argument Mohan had in mind:



Let $k$ be a field and $x$ and $y$ indeterminates. Set
$$
R:=k[x,y],quad M:=(x,y)subset R.
$$

As we have
$$
xy (xotimes y-yotimes x)=x^2otimes y^2-x^2otimes y^2=0
$$

in $Motimes_RM$, it suffices to check $xotimes yne yotimes x$ (again in $Motimes_RM$).



To do that we equip $k$ with an $R$-module structure by letting $x$ and $y$ act by zero, and we note that the map $Motimes_RMto k$,
$$
(fotimes g)mapstofrac{partial f}{partial x}(0,0) frac{partial g}{partial y}(0,0)
$$

is well-defined, $R$-linear and sends $xotimes y$ to $1$ and $yotimes x$ to $0$.






share|cite|improve this answer









$endgroup$



Here is what I believe is the argument Mohan had in mind:



Let $k$ be a field and $x$ and $y$ indeterminates. Set
$$
R:=k[x,y],quad M:=(x,y)subset R.
$$

As we have
$$
xy (xotimes y-yotimes x)=x^2otimes y^2-x^2otimes y^2=0
$$

in $Motimes_RM$, it suffices to check $xotimes yne yotimes x$ (again in $Motimes_RM$).



To do that we equip $k$ with an $R$-module structure by letting $x$ and $y$ act by zero, and we note that the map $Motimes_RMto k$,
$$
(fotimes g)mapstofrac{partial f}{partial x}(0,0) frac{partial g}{partial y}(0,0)
$$

is well-defined, $R$-linear and sends $xotimes y$ to $1$ and $yotimes x$ to $0$.







share|cite|improve this answer












share|cite|improve this answer



share|cite|improve this answer










answered Jan 26 at 15:27









Pierre-Yves GaillardPierre-Yves Gaillard

13.4k23184




13.4k23184












  • $begingroup$
    OK, very nice method !
    $endgroup$
    – Duchamp Gérard H. E.
    Jan 26 at 15:35


















  • $begingroup$
    OK, very nice method !
    $endgroup$
    – Duchamp Gérard H. E.
    Jan 26 at 15:35
















$begingroup$
OK, very nice method !
$endgroup$
– Duchamp Gérard H. E.
Jan 26 at 15:35




$begingroup$
OK, very nice method !
$endgroup$
– Duchamp Gérard H. E.
Jan 26 at 15:35











3












$begingroup$

Following the suggestions of Mohan and Ben, I put here an example of torsionfree (and even torsionless) module $M$ over a domain $R$ such that its tensor square $Motimes_R M$ has torsion. If, of course, somebody has a shorter proof/construction, I'll be delighted to accept his/her answer.



Let $k$ be a field and $x,y$ two commuting variables; set $R=k[x,y]$. As a $k$-algebra, $R$ is graded by the total degree
$$
R_n=span_k{x^py^q|p+q=n}
$$

Consider the ideal $M:=R_{geq 1}=oplus_{ngeq 1}R_n=(x)+(y)=(x,y)$. As a $k$ vector space $M$ is graded by the preceding definition (the range of degrees is $mathbb{N}_{geq 1}$). We first look at the tensor square
$Motimes_k M$ and its graded structure given by
$$
(Motimes_k M)_n=oplus_{p+q=n}R_potimes_k R_q .
$$

(this time, the range of degrees is $mathbb{N}_{geq 2}$) and we consider the quotient
$$
N={(Motimes_k M)}/{(Motimes_k M)_{geq 3}}
$$

and, denoting by $s:(Motimes_k M)to N$ the canonical quotient mapping, we see that $N$ has $k$-dimension 4 with basis $B={e_{ab}}_{a,bin {x,y}}$ with $e_{ab}=s(aotimes_k b)$. Now, one checks easily that the $k$-bilinear map
begin{align*}
M times M &to N, \
(u,v) &mapsto Phi_k(uotimes_k v)=s(uotimes_k v)
end{align*}

is, in fact, $R$-bilinear (check it with monomials $x^py^q$). Hence it gives rise to a linear map $Phi_R : M otimes_R M to N$. This suffices to prove that
$t=xotimes_R y-yotimes_R xnot=0$ as $Phi_R(t)=e_{xy}-e_{yx}$ (note that $tin Motimes_R M$). But now
$$
x.t=x^2otimes_R y-xyotimes_R x=xotimes_R xy-xotimes_R yx=0
$$


which shows the claim.



Late edit Here, tensor products are thought and constructed as in
Bourbaki Algebra II § 3 eq. (1). More precisely, if $M$ (resp. $N$)
is a $B$-module on the right (resp. $N$ is a $B$-module on the left),
$Motimes_B N$ is a the solution of the universal problem with
$f, (Mtimes N)to G$ bi-additive and satisfying,
for $xin M, yin N, lambdain B$
$$
f(xlambda,y)=f(x,lambda y)
$$

but, if $M,N$ have other structures commuting with the $B$-actions, the
tensor product $Motimes_B N$ automatically inherits these properties. For example, here, as $R$ is commutative, all $R$-modules are $R-R$-bimodules.






share|cite|improve this answer











$endgroup$













  • $begingroup$
    Torsionless and torsion-free are different notions.
    $endgroup$
    – user26857
    Jan 25 at 23:20






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    Of course, I added [(and even torsionless)] in the text and accepted Darij's edits. I think/hope it sounds better now.
    $endgroup$
    – Duchamp Gérard H. E.
    Jan 26 at 5:50










  • $begingroup$
    $xy (xotimes y-yotimes x)=x^2otimes y^2-x^2otimes y^2=0$
    $endgroup$
    – Pierre-Yves Gaillard
    Jan 26 at 11:29










  • $begingroup$
    True if $otimes=otimes_R$ and I think not if $otimes=otimes_k$
    $endgroup$
    – Duchamp Gérard H. E.
    Jan 26 at 13:44












  • $begingroup$
    @DuchampGérardH.E. - In the question you wrote $otimes_R$, right? (Please use the @sign if you want me to be notified of your comment.)
    $endgroup$
    – Pierre-Yves Gaillard
    Jan 26 at 14:04
















3












$begingroup$

Following the suggestions of Mohan and Ben, I put here an example of torsionfree (and even torsionless) module $M$ over a domain $R$ such that its tensor square $Motimes_R M$ has torsion. If, of course, somebody has a shorter proof/construction, I'll be delighted to accept his/her answer.



Let $k$ be a field and $x,y$ two commuting variables; set $R=k[x,y]$. As a $k$-algebra, $R$ is graded by the total degree
$$
R_n=span_k{x^py^q|p+q=n}
$$

Consider the ideal $M:=R_{geq 1}=oplus_{ngeq 1}R_n=(x)+(y)=(x,y)$. As a $k$ vector space $M$ is graded by the preceding definition (the range of degrees is $mathbb{N}_{geq 1}$). We first look at the tensor square
$Motimes_k M$ and its graded structure given by
$$
(Motimes_k M)_n=oplus_{p+q=n}R_potimes_k R_q .
$$

(this time, the range of degrees is $mathbb{N}_{geq 2}$) and we consider the quotient
$$
N={(Motimes_k M)}/{(Motimes_k M)_{geq 3}}
$$

and, denoting by $s:(Motimes_k M)to N$ the canonical quotient mapping, we see that $N$ has $k$-dimension 4 with basis $B={e_{ab}}_{a,bin {x,y}}$ with $e_{ab}=s(aotimes_k b)$. Now, one checks easily that the $k$-bilinear map
begin{align*}
M times M &to N, \
(u,v) &mapsto Phi_k(uotimes_k v)=s(uotimes_k v)
end{align*}

is, in fact, $R$-bilinear (check it with monomials $x^py^q$). Hence it gives rise to a linear map $Phi_R : M otimes_R M to N$. This suffices to prove that
$t=xotimes_R y-yotimes_R xnot=0$ as $Phi_R(t)=e_{xy}-e_{yx}$ (note that $tin Motimes_R M$). But now
$$
x.t=x^2otimes_R y-xyotimes_R x=xotimes_R xy-xotimes_R yx=0
$$


which shows the claim.



Late edit Here, tensor products are thought and constructed as in
Bourbaki Algebra II § 3 eq. (1). More precisely, if $M$ (resp. $N$)
is a $B$-module on the right (resp. $N$ is a $B$-module on the left),
$Motimes_B N$ is a the solution of the universal problem with
$f, (Mtimes N)to G$ bi-additive and satisfying,
for $xin M, yin N, lambdain B$
$$
f(xlambda,y)=f(x,lambda y)
$$

but, if $M,N$ have other structures commuting with the $B$-actions, the
tensor product $Motimes_B N$ automatically inherits these properties. For example, here, as $R$ is commutative, all $R$-modules are $R-R$-bimodules.






share|cite|improve this answer











$endgroup$













  • $begingroup$
    Torsionless and torsion-free are different notions.
    $endgroup$
    – user26857
    Jan 25 at 23:20






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    Of course, I added [(and even torsionless)] in the text and accepted Darij's edits. I think/hope it sounds better now.
    $endgroup$
    – Duchamp Gérard H. E.
    Jan 26 at 5:50










  • $begingroup$
    $xy (xotimes y-yotimes x)=x^2otimes y^2-x^2otimes y^2=0$
    $endgroup$
    – Pierre-Yves Gaillard
    Jan 26 at 11:29










  • $begingroup$
    True if $otimes=otimes_R$ and I think not if $otimes=otimes_k$
    $endgroup$
    – Duchamp Gérard H. E.
    Jan 26 at 13:44












  • $begingroup$
    @DuchampGérardH.E. - In the question you wrote $otimes_R$, right? (Please use the @sign if you want me to be notified of your comment.)
    $endgroup$
    – Pierre-Yves Gaillard
    Jan 26 at 14:04














3












3








3





$begingroup$

Following the suggestions of Mohan and Ben, I put here an example of torsionfree (and even torsionless) module $M$ over a domain $R$ such that its tensor square $Motimes_R M$ has torsion. If, of course, somebody has a shorter proof/construction, I'll be delighted to accept his/her answer.



Let $k$ be a field and $x,y$ two commuting variables; set $R=k[x,y]$. As a $k$-algebra, $R$ is graded by the total degree
$$
R_n=span_k{x^py^q|p+q=n}
$$

Consider the ideal $M:=R_{geq 1}=oplus_{ngeq 1}R_n=(x)+(y)=(x,y)$. As a $k$ vector space $M$ is graded by the preceding definition (the range of degrees is $mathbb{N}_{geq 1}$). We first look at the tensor square
$Motimes_k M$ and its graded structure given by
$$
(Motimes_k M)_n=oplus_{p+q=n}R_potimes_k R_q .
$$

(this time, the range of degrees is $mathbb{N}_{geq 2}$) and we consider the quotient
$$
N={(Motimes_k M)}/{(Motimes_k M)_{geq 3}}
$$

and, denoting by $s:(Motimes_k M)to N$ the canonical quotient mapping, we see that $N$ has $k$-dimension 4 with basis $B={e_{ab}}_{a,bin {x,y}}$ with $e_{ab}=s(aotimes_k b)$. Now, one checks easily that the $k$-bilinear map
begin{align*}
M times M &to N, \
(u,v) &mapsto Phi_k(uotimes_k v)=s(uotimes_k v)
end{align*}

is, in fact, $R$-bilinear (check it with monomials $x^py^q$). Hence it gives rise to a linear map $Phi_R : M otimes_R M to N$. This suffices to prove that
$t=xotimes_R y-yotimes_R xnot=0$ as $Phi_R(t)=e_{xy}-e_{yx}$ (note that $tin Motimes_R M$). But now
$$
x.t=x^2otimes_R y-xyotimes_R x=xotimes_R xy-xotimes_R yx=0
$$


which shows the claim.



Late edit Here, tensor products are thought and constructed as in
Bourbaki Algebra II § 3 eq. (1). More precisely, if $M$ (resp. $N$)
is a $B$-module on the right (resp. $N$ is a $B$-module on the left),
$Motimes_B N$ is a the solution of the universal problem with
$f, (Mtimes N)to G$ bi-additive and satisfying,
for $xin M, yin N, lambdain B$
$$
f(xlambda,y)=f(x,lambda y)
$$

but, if $M,N$ have other structures commuting with the $B$-actions, the
tensor product $Motimes_B N$ automatically inherits these properties. For example, here, as $R$ is commutative, all $R$-modules are $R-R$-bimodules.






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$endgroup$



Following the suggestions of Mohan and Ben, I put here an example of torsionfree (and even torsionless) module $M$ over a domain $R$ such that its tensor square $Motimes_R M$ has torsion. If, of course, somebody has a shorter proof/construction, I'll be delighted to accept his/her answer.



Let $k$ be a field and $x,y$ two commuting variables; set $R=k[x,y]$. As a $k$-algebra, $R$ is graded by the total degree
$$
R_n=span_k{x^py^q|p+q=n}
$$

Consider the ideal $M:=R_{geq 1}=oplus_{ngeq 1}R_n=(x)+(y)=(x,y)$. As a $k$ vector space $M$ is graded by the preceding definition (the range of degrees is $mathbb{N}_{geq 1}$). We first look at the tensor square
$Motimes_k M$ and its graded structure given by
$$
(Motimes_k M)_n=oplus_{p+q=n}R_potimes_k R_q .
$$

(this time, the range of degrees is $mathbb{N}_{geq 2}$) and we consider the quotient
$$
N={(Motimes_k M)}/{(Motimes_k M)_{geq 3}}
$$

and, denoting by $s:(Motimes_k M)to N$ the canonical quotient mapping, we see that $N$ has $k$-dimension 4 with basis $B={e_{ab}}_{a,bin {x,y}}$ with $e_{ab}=s(aotimes_k b)$. Now, one checks easily that the $k$-bilinear map
begin{align*}
M times M &to N, \
(u,v) &mapsto Phi_k(uotimes_k v)=s(uotimes_k v)
end{align*}

is, in fact, $R$-bilinear (check it with monomials $x^py^q$). Hence it gives rise to a linear map $Phi_R : M otimes_R M to N$. This suffices to prove that
$t=xotimes_R y-yotimes_R xnot=0$ as $Phi_R(t)=e_{xy}-e_{yx}$ (note that $tin Motimes_R M$). But now
$$
x.t=x^2otimes_R y-xyotimes_R x=xotimes_R xy-xotimes_R yx=0
$$


which shows the claim.



Late edit Here, tensor products are thought and constructed as in
Bourbaki Algebra II § 3 eq. (1). More precisely, if $M$ (resp. $N$)
is a $B$-module on the right (resp. $N$ is a $B$-module on the left),
$Motimes_B N$ is a the solution of the universal problem with
$f, (Mtimes N)to G$ bi-additive and satisfying,
for $xin M, yin N, lambdain B$
$$
f(xlambda,y)=f(x,lambda y)
$$

but, if $M,N$ have other structures commuting with the $B$-actions, the
tensor product $Motimes_B N$ automatically inherits these properties. For example, here, as $R$ is commutative, all $R$-modules are $R-R$-bimodules.







share|cite|improve this answer














share|cite|improve this answer



share|cite|improve this answer








edited Jan 27 at 4:32

























answered Jan 25 at 22:37









Duchamp Gérard H. E.Duchamp Gérard H. E.

2,644919




2,644919












  • $begingroup$
    Torsionless and torsion-free are different notions.
    $endgroup$
    – user26857
    Jan 25 at 23:20






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    Of course, I added [(and even torsionless)] in the text and accepted Darij's edits. I think/hope it sounds better now.
    $endgroup$
    – Duchamp Gérard H. E.
    Jan 26 at 5:50










  • $begingroup$
    $xy (xotimes y-yotimes x)=x^2otimes y^2-x^2otimes y^2=0$
    $endgroup$
    – Pierre-Yves Gaillard
    Jan 26 at 11:29










  • $begingroup$
    True if $otimes=otimes_R$ and I think not if $otimes=otimes_k$
    $endgroup$
    – Duchamp Gérard H. E.
    Jan 26 at 13:44












  • $begingroup$
    @DuchampGérardH.E. - In the question you wrote $otimes_R$, right? (Please use the @sign if you want me to be notified of your comment.)
    $endgroup$
    – Pierre-Yves Gaillard
    Jan 26 at 14:04


















  • $begingroup$
    Torsionless and torsion-free are different notions.
    $endgroup$
    – user26857
    Jan 25 at 23:20






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    Of course, I added [(and even torsionless)] in the text and accepted Darij's edits. I think/hope it sounds better now.
    $endgroup$
    – Duchamp Gérard H. E.
    Jan 26 at 5:50










  • $begingroup$
    $xy (xotimes y-yotimes x)=x^2otimes y^2-x^2otimes y^2=0$
    $endgroup$
    – Pierre-Yves Gaillard
    Jan 26 at 11:29










  • $begingroup$
    True if $otimes=otimes_R$ and I think not if $otimes=otimes_k$
    $endgroup$
    – Duchamp Gérard H. E.
    Jan 26 at 13:44












  • $begingroup$
    @DuchampGérardH.E. - In the question you wrote $otimes_R$, right? (Please use the @sign if you want me to be notified of your comment.)
    $endgroup$
    – Pierre-Yves Gaillard
    Jan 26 at 14:04
















$begingroup$
Torsionless and torsion-free are different notions.
$endgroup$
– user26857
Jan 25 at 23:20




$begingroup$
Torsionless and torsion-free are different notions.
$endgroup$
– user26857
Jan 25 at 23:20




1




1




$begingroup$
Of course, I added [(and even torsionless)] in the text and accepted Darij's edits. I think/hope it sounds better now.
$endgroup$
– Duchamp Gérard H. E.
Jan 26 at 5:50




$begingroup$
Of course, I added [(and even torsionless)] in the text and accepted Darij's edits. I think/hope it sounds better now.
$endgroup$
– Duchamp Gérard H. E.
Jan 26 at 5:50












$begingroup$
$xy (xotimes y-yotimes x)=x^2otimes y^2-x^2otimes y^2=0$
$endgroup$
– Pierre-Yves Gaillard
Jan 26 at 11:29




$begingroup$
$xy (xotimes y-yotimes x)=x^2otimes y^2-x^2otimes y^2=0$
$endgroup$
– Pierre-Yves Gaillard
Jan 26 at 11:29












$begingroup$
True if $otimes=otimes_R$ and I think not if $otimes=otimes_k$
$endgroup$
– Duchamp Gérard H. E.
Jan 26 at 13:44






$begingroup$
True if $otimes=otimes_R$ and I think not if $otimes=otimes_k$
$endgroup$
– Duchamp Gérard H. E.
Jan 26 at 13:44














$begingroup$
@DuchampGérardH.E. - In the question you wrote $otimes_R$, right? (Please use the @sign if you want me to be notified of your comment.)
$endgroup$
– Pierre-Yves Gaillard
Jan 26 at 14:04




$begingroup$
@DuchampGérardH.E. - In the question you wrote $otimes_R$, right? (Please use the @sign if you want me to be notified of your comment.)
$endgroup$
– Pierre-Yves Gaillard
Jan 26 at 14:04


















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