Prove $lim_{ntoinfty}(|x_n + y_n| - |x_n - y_n|) = +infty iff lim_{ntoinfty}|x_n| =lim_{ntoinfty}|y_n|...












1












$begingroup$



Let $x_n$ and $y_n$ denote sequences such that:
$$
lim_{ntoinfty}(|x_n + y_n| - |x_n - y_n|) = +infty
$$

Prove:
$$
lim_{ntoinfty}(|x_n + y_n| - |x_n - y_n|) = +infty iff lim_{ntoinfty}|x_n| =lim_{ntoinfty}|y_n| =lim_{ntoinfty}x_ny_n =+infty
$$






I've started with the first case ($implies$):
$$
lim_{ntoinfty}(|x_n + y_n| - |x_n - y_n|) = +infty \
stackrel{text{def}}{iff} forall epsilon > 0 exists NinBbb N: forall n>N implies ||x_n + y_n| - |x_n - y_n|| ge epsilon
$$



We want to show that $|x_n| ge epsilon$ and $|y_n|ge epsilon$. By triangular inequality:
$$
|x_n + y_n| + |x_n - y_n| ge ||x_n + y_n| - |x_n - y_n|| ge epsilon
$$



At the same time:
$$
|x_n + y_n| + |x_n - y_n| ge |(x_n + y_n) + (x_n - y_n)| = 2|x_n|
$$

Or:
$$
|x_n + y_n| + |y_n - x_n| ge |(x_n + y_n) + (y_n - x_n)| = 2|y_n|
$$

Here is where the first questionable case comes in. It seems that:
$$
|x_n + y_n| + |x_n - y_n| ge 2|x_n| ge ||x_n + y_n| - |x_n - y_n|| ge epsilon\
text{and}\
|x_n + y_n| + |y_n - x_n| ge 2|y_n| ge ||x_n + y_n| - |x_n - y_n|| ge epsilon tag1
$$



But I'm not sure how to justify that. I've checked various cases like $x<0 land y<0$ and 3 others, for all it seems to hold. So based on this:
$$
forall epsilon >0 exists NinBbb N: forall n> N implies 2|x_n| ge epsilon \
forall epsilon >0 exists NinBbb N: forall n> N implies 2|y_n| ge epsilon
$$



Which shows:
$$
lim_{ntoinfty}|x_n| = lim_{ntoinfty}|y_n| = +infty
$$




In this part I'm interested in how to justify $(1)$ and where from it follows that:
$$
lim_{ntoinfty}x_ny_n = +infty
$$






Second case $(impliedby)$. This case I've no idea where to start from. We basically given three things:
$$
forall epsilon > 0 exists NinBbb N: forall n>N implies |x_n| ge epsilon\
forall epsilon > 0 exists NinBbb N: forall n>N implies |y_n| ge epsilon \
forall epsilon > 0 exists NinBbb N: forall n>N implies |x_ny_n| ge epsilon
$$



The problem is I don't see where to go from this.





Could you please verify the overall reasoning and help with ($impliedby$) and question from ($implies$), I still often have troubles with constructing those proofs since i'm a self-learner and have no one to refer to. Thank you!










share|cite|improve this question









$endgroup$

















    1












    $begingroup$



    Let $x_n$ and $y_n$ denote sequences such that:
    $$
    lim_{ntoinfty}(|x_n + y_n| - |x_n - y_n|) = +infty
    $$

    Prove:
    $$
    lim_{ntoinfty}(|x_n + y_n| - |x_n - y_n|) = +infty iff lim_{ntoinfty}|x_n| =lim_{ntoinfty}|y_n| =lim_{ntoinfty}x_ny_n =+infty
    $$






    I've started with the first case ($implies$):
    $$
    lim_{ntoinfty}(|x_n + y_n| - |x_n - y_n|) = +infty \
    stackrel{text{def}}{iff} forall epsilon > 0 exists NinBbb N: forall n>N implies ||x_n + y_n| - |x_n - y_n|| ge epsilon
    $$



    We want to show that $|x_n| ge epsilon$ and $|y_n|ge epsilon$. By triangular inequality:
    $$
    |x_n + y_n| + |x_n - y_n| ge ||x_n + y_n| - |x_n - y_n|| ge epsilon
    $$



    At the same time:
    $$
    |x_n + y_n| + |x_n - y_n| ge |(x_n + y_n) + (x_n - y_n)| = 2|x_n|
    $$

    Or:
    $$
    |x_n + y_n| + |y_n - x_n| ge |(x_n + y_n) + (y_n - x_n)| = 2|y_n|
    $$

    Here is where the first questionable case comes in. It seems that:
    $$
    |x_n + y_n| + |x_n - y_n| ge 2|x_n| ge ||x_n + y_n| - |x_n - y_n|| ge epsilon\
    text{and}\
    |x_n + y_n| + |y_n - x_n| ge 2|y_n| ge ||x_n + y_n| - |x_n - y_n|| ge epsilon tag1
    $$



    But I'm not sure how to justify that. I've checked various cases like $x<0 land y<0$ and 3 others, for all it seems to hold. So based on this:
    $$
    forall epsilon >0 exists NinBbb N: forall n> N implies 2|x_n| ge epsilon \
    forall epsilon >0 exists NinBbb N: forall n> N implies 2|y_n| ge epsilon
    $$



    Which shows:
    $$
    lim_{ntoinfty}|x_n| = lim_{ntoinfty}|y_n| = +infty
    $$




    In this part I'm interested in how to justify $(1)$ and where from it follows that:
    $$
    lim_{ntoinfty}x_ny_n = +infty
    $$






    Second case $(impliedby)$. This case I've no idea where to start from. We basically given three things:
    $$
    forall epsilon > 0 exists NinBbb N: forall n>N implies |x_n| ge epsilon\
    forall epsilon > 0 exists NinBbb N: forall n>N implies |y_n| ge epsilon \
    forall epsilon > 0 exists NinBbb N: forall n>N implies |x_ny_n| ge epsilon
    $$



    The problem is I don't see where to go from this.





    Could you please verify the overall reasoning and help with ($impliedby$) and question from ($implies$), I still often have troubles with constructing those proofs since i'm a self-learner and have no one to refer to. Thank you!










    share|cite|improve this question









    $endgroup$















      1












      1








      1





      $begingroup$



      Let $x_n$ and $y_n$ denote sequences such that:
      $$
      lim_{ntoinfty}(|x_n + y_n| - |x_n - y_n|) = +infty
      $$

      Prove:
      $$
      lim_{ntoinfty}(|x_n + y_n| - |x_n - y_n|) = +infty iff lim_{ntoinfty}|x_n| =lim_{ntoinfty}|y_n| =lim_{ntoinfty}x_ny_n =+infty
      $$






      I've started with the first case ($implies$):
      $$
      lim_{ntoinfty}(|x_n + y_n| - |x_n - y_n|) = +infty \
      stackrel{text{def}}{iff} forall epsilon > 0 exists NinBbb N: forall n>N implies ||x_n + y_n| - |x_n - y_n|| ge epsilon
      $$



      We want to show that $|x_n| ge epsilon$ and $|y_n|ge epsilon$. By triangular inequality:
      $$
      |x_n + y_n| + |x_n - y_n| ge ||x_n + y_n| - |x_n - y_n|| ge epsilon
      $$



      At the same time:
      $$
      |x_n + y_n| + |x_n - y_n| ge |(x_n + y_n) + (x_n - y_n)| = 2|x_n|
      $$

      Or:
      $$
      |x_n + y_n| + |y_n - x_n| ge |(x_n + y_n) + (y_n - x_n)| = 2|y_n|
      $$

      Here is where the first questionable case comes in. It seems that:
      $$
      |x_n + y_n| + |x_n - y_n| ge 2|x_n| ge ||x_n + y_n| - |x_n - y_n|| ge epsilon\
      text{and}\
      |x_n + y_n| + |y_n - x_n| ge 2|y_n| ge ||x_n + y_n| - |x_n - y_n|| ge epsilon tag1
      $$



      But I'm not sure how to justify that. I've checked various cases like $x<0 land y<0$ and 3 others, for all it seems to hold. So based on this:
      $$
      forall epsilon >0 exists NinBbb N: forall n> N implies 2|x_n| ge epsilon \
      forall epsilon >0 exists NinBbb N: forall n> N implies 2|y_n| ge epsilon
      $$



      Which shows:
      $$
      lim_{ntoinfty}|x_n| = lim_{ntoinfty}|y_n| = +infty
      $$




      In this part I'm interested in how to justify $(1)$ and where from it follows that:
      $$
      lim_{ntoinfty}x_ny_n = +infty
      $$






      Second case $(impliedby)$. This case I've no idea where to start from. We basically given three things:
      $$
      forall epsilon > 0 exists NinBbb N: forall n>N implies |x_n| ge epsilon\
      forall epsilon > 0 exists NinBbb N: forall n>N implies |y_n| ge epsilon \
      forall epsilon > 0 exists NinBbb N: forall n>N implies |x_ny_n| ge epsilon
      $$



      The problem is I don't see where to go from this.





      Could you please verify the overall reasoning and help with ($impliedby$) and question from ($implies$), I still often have troubles with constructing those proofs since i'm a self-learner and have no one to refer to. Thank you!










      share|cite|improve this question









      $endgroup$





      Let $x_n$ and $y_n$ denote sequences such that:
      $$
      lim_{ntoinfty}(|x_n + y_n| - |x_n - y_n|) = +infty
      $$

      Prove:
      $$
      lim_{ntoinfty}(|x_n + y_n| - |x_n - y_n|) = +infty iff lim_{ntoinfty}|x_n| =lim_{ntoinfty}|y_n| =lim_{ntoinfty}x_ny_n =+infty
      $$






      I've started with the first case ($implies$):
      $$
      lim_{ntoinfty}(|x_n + y_n| - |x_n - y_n|) = +infty \
      stackrel{text{def}}{iff} forall epsilon > 0 exists NinBbb N: forall n>N implies ||x_n + y_n| - |x_n - y_n|| ge epsilon
      $$



      We want to show that $|x_n| ge epsilon$ and $|y_n|ge epsilon$. By triangular inequality:
      $$
      |x_n + y_n| + |x_n - y_n| ge ||x_n + y_n| - |x_n - y_n|| ge epsilon
      $$



      At the same time:
      $$
      |x_n + y_n| + |x_n - y_n| ge |(x_n + y_n) + (x_n - y_n)| = 2|x_n|
      $$

      Or:
      $$
      |x_n + y_n| + |y_n - x_n| ge |(x_n + y_n) + (y_n - x_n)| = 2|y_n|
      $$

      Here is where the first questionable case comes in. It seems that:
      $$
      |x_n + y_n| + |x_n - y_n| ge 2|x_n| ge ||x_n + y_n| - |x_n - y_n|| ge epsilon\
      text{and}\
      |x_n + y_n| + |y_n - x_n| ge 2|y_n| ge ||x_n + y_n| - |x_n - y_n|| ge epsilon tag1
      $$



      But I'm not sure how to justify that. I've checked various cases like $x<0 land y<0$ and 3 others, for all it seems to hold. So based on this:
      $$
      forall epsilon >0 exists NinBbb N: forall n> N implies 2|x_n| ge epsilon \
      forall epsilon >0 exists NinBbb N: forall n> N implies 2|y_n| ge epsilon
      $$



      Which shows:
      $$
      lim_{ntoinfty}|x_n| = lim_{ntoinfty}|y_n| = +infty
      $$




      In this part I'm interested in how to justify $(1)$ and where from it follows that:
      $$
      lim_{ntoinfty}x_ny_n = +infty
      $$






      Second case $(impliedby)$. This case I've no idea where to start from. We basically given three things:
      $$
      forall epsilon > 0 exists NinBbb N: forall n>N implies |x_n| ge epsilon\
      forall epsilon > 0 exists NinBbb N: forall n>N implies |y_n| ge epsilon \
      forall epsilon > 0 exists NinBbb N: forall n>N implies |x_ny_n| ge epsilon
      $$



      The problem is I don't see where to go from this.





      Could you please verify the overall reasoning and help with ($impliedby$) and question from ($implies$), I still often have troubles with constructing those proofs since i'm a self-learner and have no one to refer to. Thank you!







      calculus sequences-and-series limits proof-verification






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      asked Jan 17 at 17:59









      romanroman

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          $begingroup$

          $(Longrightarrow)$ Note that by triangle inequality, we have
          $$
          2|x_n|=|(x_n+y_n)+(x_n-y_n)|ge|x_n+y_n|-|x_n-y_n|
          $$
          and
          $$
          2|y_n|=|(x_n+y_n)-(x_n-y_n)|ge|x_n+y_n|-|x_n-y_n|.
          $$
          By taking $ntoinfty$, we get
          $$
          lim_{ntoinfty}|x_n|=lim_{ntoinfty}|y_n|=infty.
          $$
          Also note that
          $
          |x_n+y_n|ge |x_n-y_n|
          $
          holds eventually. Hence, by squaring both sides, we have
          $x_ny_nge 0$. It follows that $lim_{ntoinfty}x_n y_n=lim_{ntoinfty}|x_n| |y_n|=infty.$



          $(Longleftarrow)$ To show the converse, note that $lim_{ntoinfty}x_n y_n=infty$ implies that $$
          |x_n+y_n|-|x_n-y_n|ge 0
          $$
          eventually. And since it is a positive sequence, we have
          $$
          lim_{ntoinfty}|x_n+y_n|-|x_n-y_n|=infty Longleftrightarrow lim_{ntoinfty}left[|x_n+y_n|-|x_n-y_n|right]^2=infty.
          $$
          Now, we have
          $$
          left[|x_n+y_n|-|x_n-y_n|right]^2= 2(|x_n|^2+|y_n|^2) -2|x_n^2-y_n^2|=:L.
          $$
          Observe that if $x_n^2ge y_n^2$, then it holds $L=4|y_n|^2$ and otherwise, $L=4|x_n|^2$. This gives $L=4 min{|x_n|^2,|y_n|^2}$ and
          $$
          lim_{ntoinfty}left[|x_n+y_n|-|x_n-y_n|right]^2= 4lim_{ntoinfty}min{|x_n|^2,|y_n|^2}=infty
          $$
          by the assumption that $lim_{ntoinfty}|x_n|=lim_{ntoinfty}|y_n|=infty$. This proves the converse claim.






          share|cite|improve this answer











          $endgroup$













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            3












            $begingroup$

            $(Longrightarrow)$ Note that by triangle inequality, we have
            $$
            2|x_n|=|(x_n+y_n)+(x_n-y_n)|ge|x_n+y_n|-|x_n-y_n|
            $$
            and
            $$
            2|y_n|=|(x_n+y_n)-(x_n-y_n)|ge|x_n+y_n|-|x_n-y_n|.
            $$
            By taking $ntoinfty$, we get
            $$
            lim_{ntoinfty}|x_n|=lim_{ntoinfty}|y_n|=infty.
            $$
            Also note that
            $
            |x_n+y_n|ge |x_n-y_n|
            $
            holds eventually. Hence, by squaring both sides, we have
            $x_ny_nge 0$. It follows that $lim_{ntoinfty}x_n y_n=lim_{ntoinfty}|x_n| |y_n|=infty.$



            $(Longleftarrow)$ To show the converse, note that $lim_{ntoinfty}x_n y_n=infty$ implies that $$
            |x_n+y_n|-|x_n-y_n|ge 0
            $$
            eventually. And since it is a positive sequence, we have
            $$
            lim_{ntoinfty}|x_n+y_n|-|x_n-y_n|=infty Longleftrightarrow lim_{ntoinfty}left[|x_n+y_n|-|x_n-y_n|right]^2=infty.
            $$
            Now, we have
            $$
            left[|x_n+y_n|-|x_n-y_n|right]^2= 2(|x_n|^2+|y_n|^2) -2|x_n^2-y_n^2|=:L.
            $$
            Observe that if $x_n^2ge y_n^2$, then it holds $L=4|y_n|^2$ and otherwise, $L=4|x_n|^2$. This gives $L=4 min{|x_n|^2,|y_n|^2}$ and
            $$
            lim_{ntoinfty}left[|x_n+y_n|-|x_n-y_n|right]^2= 4lim_{ntoinfty}min{|x_n|^2,|y_n|^2}=infty
            $$
            by the assumption that $lim_{ntoinfty}|x_n|=lim_{ntoinfty}|y_n|=infty$. This proves the converse claim.






            share|cite|improve this answer











            $endgroup$


















              3












              $begingroup$

              $(Longrightarrow)$ Note that by triangle inequality, we have
              $$
              2|x_n|=|(x_n+y_n)+(x_n-y_n)|ge|x_n+y_n|-|x_n-y_n|
              $$
              and
              $$
              2|y_n|=|(x_n+y_n)-(x_n-y_n)|ge|x_n+y_n|-|x_n-y_n|.
              $$
              By taking $ntoinfty$, we get
              $$
              lim_{ntoinfty}|x_n|=lim_{ntoinfty}|y_n|=infty.
              $$
              Also note that
              $
              |x_n+y_n|ge |x_n-y_n|
              $
              holds eventually. Hence, by squaring both sides, we have
              $x_ny_nge 0$. It follows that $lim_{ntoinfty}x_n y_n=lim_{ntoinfty}|x_n| |y_n|=infty.$



              $(Longleftarrow)$ To show the converse, note that $lim_{ntoinfty}x_n y_n=infty$ implies that $$
              |x_n+y_n|-|x_n-y_n|ge 0
              $$
              eventually. And since it is a positive sequence, we have
              $$
              lim_{ntoinfty}|x_n+y_n|-|x_n-y_n|=infty Longleftrightarrow lim_{ntoinfty}left[|x_n+y_n|-|x_n-y_n|right]^2=infty.
              $$
              Now, we have
              $$
              left[|x_n+y_n|-|x_n-y_n|right]^2= 2(|x_n|^2+|y_n|^2) -2|x_n^2-y_n^2|=:L.
              $$
              Observe that if $x_n^2ge y_n^2$, then it holds $L=4|y_n|^2$ and otherwise, $L=4|x_n|^2$. This gives $L=4 min{|x_n|^2,|y_n|^2}$ and
              $$
              lim_{ntoinfty}left[|x_n+y_n|-|x_n-y_n|right]^2= 4lim_{ntoinfty}min{|x_n|^2,|y_n|^2}=infty
              $$
              by the assumption that $lim_{ntoinfty}|x_n|=lim_{ntoinfty}|y_n|=infty$. This proves the converse claim.






              share|cite|improve this answer











              $endgroup$
















                3












                3








                3





                $begingroup$

                $(Longrightarrow)$ Note that by triangle inequality, we have
                $$
                2|x_n|=|(x_n+y_n)+(x_n-y_n)|ge|x_n+y_n|-|x_n-y_n|
                $$
                and
                $$
                2|y_n|=|(x_n+y_n)-(x_n-y_n)|ge|x_n+y_n|-|x_n-y_n|.
                $$
                By taking $ntoinfty$, we get
                $$
                lim_{ntoinfty}|x_n|=lim_{ntoinfty}|y_n|=infty.
                $$
                Also note that
                $
                |x_n+y_n|ge |x_n-y_n|
                $
                holds eventually. Hence, by squaring both sides, we have
                $x_ny_nge 0$. It follows that $lim_{ntoinfty}x_n y_n=lim_{ntoinfty}|x_n| |y_n|=infty.$



                $(Longleftarrow)$ To show the converse, note that $lim_{ntoinfty}x_n y_n=infty$ implies that $$
                |x_n+y_n|-|x_n-y_n|ge 0
                $$
                eventually. And since it is a positive sequence, we have
                $$
                lim_{ntoinfty}|x_n+y_n|-|x_n-y_n|=infty Longleftrightarrow lim_{ntoinfty}left[|x_n+y_n|-|x_n-y_n|right]^2=infty.
                $$
                Now, we have
                $$
                left[|x_n+y_n|-|x_n-y_n|right]^2= 2(|x_n|^2+|y_n|^2) -2|x_n^2-y_n^2|=:L.
                $$
                Observe that if $x_n^2ge y_n^2$, then it holds $L=4|y_n|^2$ and otherwise, $L=4|x_n|^2$. This gives $L=4 min{|x_n|^2,|y_n|^2}$ and
                $$
                lim_{ntoinfty}left[|x_n+y_n|-|x_n-y_n|right]^2= 4lim_{ntoinfty}min{|x_n|^2,|y_n|^2}=infty
                $$
                by the assumption that $lim_{ntoinfty}|x_n|=lim_{ntoinfty}|y_n|=infty$. This proves the converse claim.






                share|cite|improve this answer











                $endgroup$



                $(Longrightarrow)$ Note that by triangle inequality, we have
                $$
                2|x_n|=|(x_n+y_n)+(x_n-y_n)|ge|x_n+y_n|-|x_n-y_n|
                $$
                and
                $$
                2|y_n|=|(x_n+y_n)-(x_n-y_n)|ge|x_n+y_n|-|x_n-y_n|.
                $$
                By taking $ntoinfty$, we get
                $$
                lim_{ntoinfty}|x_n|=lim_{ntoinfty}|y_n|=infty.
                $$
                Also note that
                $
                |x_n+y_n|ge |x_n-y_n|
                $
                holds eventually. Hence, by squaring both sides, we have
                $x_ny_nge 0$. It follows that $lim_{ntoinfty}x_n y_n=lim_{ntoinfty}|x_n| |y_n|=infty.$



                $(Longleftarrow)$ To show the converse, note that $lim_{ntoinfty}x_n y_n=infty$ implies that $$
                |x_n+y_n|-|x_n-y_n|ge 0
                $$
                eventually. And since it is a positive sequence, we have
                $$
                lim_{ntoinfty}|x_n+y_n|-|x_n-y_n|=infty Longleftrightarrow lim_{ntoinfty}left[|x_n+y_n|-|x_n-y_n|right]^2=infty.
                $$
                Now, we have
                $$
                left[|x_n+y_n|-|x_n-y_n|right]^2= 2(|x_n|^2+|y_n|^2) -2|x_n^2-y_n^2|=:L.
                $$
                Observe that if $x_n^2ge y_n^2$, then it holds $L=4|y_n|^2$ and otherwise, $L=4|x_n|^2$. This gives $L=4 min{|x_n|^2,|y_n|^2}$ and
                $$
                lim_{ntoinfty}left[|x_n+y_n|-|x_n-y_n|right]^2= 4lim_{ntoinfty}min{|x_n|^2,|y_n|^2}=infty
                $$
                by the assumption that $lim_{ntoinfty}|x_n|=lim_{ntoinfty}|y_n|=infty$. This proves the converse claim.







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                edited Jan 17 at 21:50

























                answered Jan 17 at 18:33









                SongSong

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