Integrating $int_{0}^{a}sqrt{{tanh}(a)-{tanh}(x)};dx$
$begingroup$
What is the integral
$$int_{0}^{a}sqrt{{tanh}(a)-{tanh}(x)};dx$$
I have tried various substitutions but couldn't get the answer.
The substitution $x = {tanh}^{-1}y$ has simplified into rational function in y but I couldn't proceed further.
I got
$$int_{0}^{tanh(a)}frac{1}{sqrt{tanh(a)-y}}frac{1}{1-y^{2}} ; .$$
integration definite-integrals indefinite-integrals
$endgroup$
add a comment |
$begingroup$
What is the integral
$$int_{0}^{a}sqrt{{tanh}(a)-{tanh}(x)};dx$$
I have tried various substitutions but couldn't get the answer.
The substitution $x = {tanh}^{-1}y$ has simplified into rational function in y but I couldn't proceed further.
I got
$$int_{0}^{tanh(a)}frac{1}{sqrt{tanh(a)-y}}frac{1}{1-y^{2}} ; .$$
integration definite-integrals indefinite-integrals
$endgroup$
$begingroup$
How about trying with a substitution $sqrt{operatorname{tanh}(a) - operatorname{tanh}{x}} = y$, instead? Might it work?
$endgroup$
– Matteo
Jan 23 at 16:14
$begingroup$
Typing tips: we use {} to indicate groups, {} to indicate a pair of braces. Your code has lots of uncompleted groups, hence the compiler cannot process them.
$endgroup$
– xbh
Jan 23 at 16:29
$begingroup$
Where did you get this integral?
$endgroup$
– Frank W.
Jan 23 at 16:47
$begingroup$
@FrankW. In quantum mechanics while using WKB method
$endgroup$
– Aierel
Jan 23 at 16:48
add a comment |
$begingroup$
What is the integral
$$int_{0}^{a}sqrt{{tanh}(a)-{tanh}(x)};dx$$
I have tried various substitutions but couldn't get the answer.
The substitution $x = {tanh}^{-1}y$ has simplified into rational function in y but I couldn't proceed further.
I got
$$int_{0}^{tanh(a)}frac{1}{sqrt{tanh(a)-y}}frac{1}{1-y^{2}} ; .$$
integration definite-integrals indefinite-integrals
$endgroup$
What is the integral
$$int_{0}^{a}sqrt{{tanh}(a)-{tanh}(x)};dx$$
I have tried various substitutions but couldn't get the answer.
The substitution $x = {tanh}^{-1}y$ has simplified into rational function in y but I couldn't proceed further.
I got
$$int_{0}^{tanh(a)}frac{1}{sqrt{tanh(a)-y}}frac{1}{1-y^{2}} ; .$$
integration definite-integrals indefinite-integrals
integration definite-integrals indefinite-integrals
edited Jan 23 at 20:09
Blue
48.7k870156
48.7k870156
asked Jan 23 at 15:46
AierelAierel
285
285
$begingroup$
How about trying with a substitution $sqrt{operatorname{tanh}(a) - operatorname{tanh}{x}} = y$, instead? Might it work?
$endgroup$
– Matteo
Jan 23 at 16:14
$begingroup$
Typing tips: we use {} to indicate groups, {} to indicate a pair of braces. Your code has lots of uncompleted groups, hence the compiler cannot process them.
$endgroup$
– xbh
Jan 23 at 16:29
$begingroup$
Where did you get this integral?
$endgroup$
– Frank W.
Jan 23 at 16:47
$begingroup$
@FrankW. In quantum mechanics while using WKB method
$endgroup$
– Aierel
Jan 23 at 16:48
add a comment |
$begingroup$
How about trying with a substitution $sqrt{operatorname{tanh}(a) - operatorname{tanh}{x}} = y$, instead? Might it work?
$endgroup$
– Matteo
Jan 23 at 16:14
$begingroup$
Typing tips: we use {} to indicate groups, {} to indicate a pair of braces. Your code has lots of uncompleted groups, hence the compiler cannot process them.
$endgroup$
– xbh
Jan 23 at 16:29
$begingroup$
Where did you get this integral?
$endgroup$
– Frank W.
Jan 23 at 16:47
$begingroup$
@FrankW. In quantum mechanics while using WKB method
$endgroup$
– Aierel
Jan 23 at 16:48
$begingroup$
How about trying with a substitution $sqrt{operatorname{tanh}(a) - operatorname{tanh}{x}} = y$, instead? Might it work?
$endgroup$
– Matteo
Jan 23 at 16:14
$begingroup$
How about trying with a substitution $sqrt{operatorname{tanh}(a) - operatorname{tanh}{x}} = y$, instead? Might it work?
$endgroup$
– Matteo
Jan 23 at 16:14
$begingroup$
Typing tips: we use {} to indicate groups, {} to indicate a pair of braces. Your code has lots of uncompleted groups, hence the compiler cannot process them.
$endgroup$
– xbh
Jan 23 at 16:29
$begingroup$
Typing tips: we use {} to indicate groups, {} to indicate a pair of braces. Your code has lots of uncompleted groups, hence the compiler cannot process them.
$endgroup$
– xbh
Jan 23 at 16:29
$begingroup$
Where did you get this integral?
$endgroup$
– Frank W.
Jan 23 at 16:47
$begingroup$
Where did you get this integral?
$endgroup$
– Frank W.
Jan 23 at 16:47
$begingroup$
@FrankW. In quantum mechanics while using WKB method
$endgroup$
– Aierel
Jan 23 at 16:48
$begingroup$
@FrankW. In quantum mechanics while using WKB method
$endgroup$
– Aierel
Jan 23 at 16:48
add a comment |
2 Answers
2
active
oldest
votes
$begingroup$
$$I=int_0^a sqrt{tanh a-tanh x}dxoverset{tanh x=y}=int_0^{tanh a} sqrt{tanh a-y} frac{dy}{1-y^2}$$
Let us denote $tanh a=n$ for now. And our first goal must be to get rid of the square root, thus a substitution of $n-y =t^2$ would fit great.
$$I=int_0^n frac{sqrt{n-y}}{1-y^2}dy=int^0_{sqrt n} frac{t}{1-(n-t^2)^2}(-2t,)dt=int_0^{sqrt n} frac{2t^2}{1-(n-t^2)^2}dt$$
$$=int_0^sqrt n frac{1+n}{1+n-t^2}dt-int_0^sqrt n frac{1-n}{1-n+t^2}dt$$
$$=frac{1+n}{sqrt{1+n}}operatorname{arctanh}left(frac{t}{sqrt{1+n}}right)bigg|_0^sqrt n-frac{1-n}{sqrt{1-n}}arctanleft(frac{t}{sqrt{1-n}}right)bigg|_0^sqrt n$$
$$={sqrt{1+tanh a}}cdot operatorname{arctanh}left(sqrt{frac{{tanh a}}{1+tanh a}}right)-{sqrt{1-tanh a}}cdot arctanleft(sqrt{frac{{tanh a}}{1-tanh a}}right)$$
$endgroup$
$begingroup$
This is the same as directly substituting the entire integrand with the new variable, is it not?
$endgroup$
– Matteo
Jan 23 at 20:37
$begingroup$
Pretty much yes, but it leaves a room to get rid of that $tanh a$, also this was OP's approach so I continued.
$endgroup$
– Zacky
Jan 23 at 20:45
add a comment |
$begingroup$
Hint
Check if this approach is useful. The substitution
$$ y = sqrt{tanh(a)-tanh(x)}$$
gives you
$$y^2 = tanh(a)-tanh(x),$$
and, therefore,
begin{eqnarray}
&&2y dy = -(1-tanh^2(x)) dx\
&&2ydy = -left[1-(tanh(a)-y^2)^2right] dx\
&&frac{2y dy}{(y^2-tanh(a))^2-1} = dx.
end{eqnarray}
Then the integral becomes rational, i.e.
begin{eqnarray}mathcal I &=& int sqrt{tanh(a)-tanh(x)}dx= \
&=&2int frac{y^2dy}{{(y^2-tanh(a))^2-1}}=\
&=&2intfrac{y^2dy}{(y^2-tanh(a)-1)(y^2+1-tanh(a))}=\
&=& 2int frac{y^2dy}{(y-sqrt{tanh(a)+1})(y+sqrt{tanh(a)+1})(y^2+1-tanh(a))},
end{eqnarray}
recalling that $-1leq tanh(x) leq 1$. You can proceed from here with partial fractions.
$endgroup$
add a comment |
Your Answer
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2 Answers
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2 Answers
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$begingroup$
$$I=int_0^a sqrt{tanh a-tanh x}dxoverset{tanh x=y}=int_0^{tanh a} sqrt{tanh a-y} frac{dy}{1-y^2}$$
Let us denote $tanh a=n$ for now. And our first goal must be to get rid of the square root, thus a substitution of $n-y =t^2$ would fit great.
$$I=int_0^n frac{sqrt{n-y}}{1-y^2}dy=int^0_{sqrt n} frac{t}{1-(n-t^2)^2}(-2t,)dt=int_0^{sqrt n} frac{2t^2}{1-(n-t^2)^2}dt$$
$$=int_0^sqrt n frac{1+n}{1+n-t^2}dt-int_0^sqrt n frac{1-n}{1-n+t^2}dt$$
$$=frac{1+n}{sqrt{1+n}}operatorname{arctanh}left(frac{t}{sqrt{1+n}}right)bigg|_0^sqrt n-frac{1-n}{sqrt{1-n}}arctanleft(frac{t}{sqrt{1-n}}right)bigg|_0^sqrt n$$
$$={sqrt{1+tanh a}}cdot operatorname{arctanh}left(sqrt{frac{{tanh a}}{1+tanh a}}right)-{sqrt{1-tanh a}}cdot arctanleft(sqrt{frac{{tanh a}}{1-tanh a}}right)$$
$endgroup$
$begingroup$
This is the same as directly substituting the entire integrand with the new variable, is it not?
$endgroup$
– Matteo
Jan 23 at 20:37
$begingroup$
Pretty much yes, but it leaves a room to get rid of that $tanh a$, also this was OP's approach so I continued.
$endgroup$
– Zacky
Jan 23 at 20:45
add a comment |
$begingroup$
$$I=int_0^a sqrt{tanh a-tanh x}dxoverset{tanh x=y}=int_0^{tanh a} sqrt{tanh a-y} frac{dy}{1-y^2}$$
Let us denote $tanh a=n$ for now. And our first goal must be to get rid of the square root, thus a substitution of $n-y =t^2$ would fit great.
$$I=int_0^n frac{sqrt{n-y}}{1-y^2}dy=int^0_{sqrt n} frac{t}{1-(n-t^2)^2}(-2t,)dt=int_0^{sqrt n} frac{2t^2}{1-(n-t^2)^2}dt$$
$$=int_0^sqrt n frac{1+n}{1+n-t^2}dt-int_0^sqrt n frac{1-n}{1-n+t^2}dt$$
$$=frac{1+n}{sqrt{1+n}}operatorname{arctanh}left(frac{t}{sqrt{1+n}}right)bigg|_0^sqrt n-frac{1-n}{sqrt{1-n}}arctanleft(frac{t}{sqrt{1-n}}right)bigg|_0^sqrt n$$
$$={sqrt{1+tanh a}}cdot operatorname{arctanh}left(sqrt{frac{{tanh a}}{1+tanh a}}right)-{sqrt{1-tanh a}}cdot arctanleft(sqrt{frac{{tanh a}}{1-tanh a}}right)$$
$endgroup$
$begingroup$
This is the same as directly substituting the entire integrand with the new variable, is it not?
$endgroup$
– Matteo
Jan 23 at 20:37
$begingroup$
Pretty much yes, but it leaves a room to get rid of that $tanh a$, also this was OP's approach so I continued.
$endgroup$
– Zacky
Jan 23 at 20:45
add a comment |
$begingroup$
$$I=int_0^a sqrt{tanh a-tanh x}dxoverset{tanh x=y}=int_0^{tanh a} sqrt{tanh a-y} frac{dy}{1-y^2}$$
Let us denote $tanh a=n$ for now. And our first goal must be to get rid of the square root, thus a substitution of $n-y =t^2$ would fit great.
$$I=int_0^n frac{sqrt{n-y}}{1-y^2}dy=int^0_{sqrt n} frac{t}{1-(n-t^2)^2}(-2t,)dt=int_0^{sqrt n} frac{2t^2}{1-(n-t^2)^2}dt$$
$$=int_0^sqrt n frac{1+n}{1+n-t^2}dt-int_0^sqrt n frac{1-n}{1-n+t^2}dt$$
$$=frac{1+n}{sqrt{1+n}}operatorname{arctanh}left(frac{t}{sqrt{1+n}}right)bigg|_0^sqrt n-frac{1-n}{sqrt{1-n}}arctanleft(frac{t}{sqrt{1-n}}right)bigg|_0^sqrt n$$
$$={sqrt{1+tanh a}}cdot operatorname{arctanh}left(sqrt{frac{{tanh a}}{1+tanh a}}right)-{sqrt{1-tanh a}}cdot arctanleft(sqrt{frac{{tanh a}}{1-tanh a}}right)$$
$endgroup$
$$I=int_0^a sqrt{tanh a-tanh x}dxoverset{tanh x=y}=int_0^{tanh a} sqrt{tanh a-y} frac{dy}{1-y^2}$$
Let us denote $tanh a=n$ for now. And our first goal must be to get rid of the square root, thus a substitution of $n-y =t^2$ would fit great.
$$I=int_0^n frac{sqrt{n-y}}{1-y^2}dy=int^0_{sqrt n} frac{t}{1-(n-t^2)^2}(-2t,)dt=int_0^{sqrt n} frac{2t^2}{1-(n-t^2)^2}dt$$
$$=int_0^sqrt n frac{1+n}{1+n-t^2}dt-int_0^sqrt n frac{1-n}{1-n+t^2}dt$$
$$=frac{1+n}{sqrt{1+n}}operatorname{arctanh}left(frac{t}{sqrt{1+n}}right)bigg|_0^sqrt n-frac{1-n}{sqrt{1-n}}arctanleft(frac{t}{sqrt{1-n}}right)bigg|_0^sqrt n$$
$$={sqrt{1+tanh a}}cdot operatorname{arctanh}left(sqrt{frac{{tanh a}}{1+tanh a}}right)-{sqrt{1-tanh a}}cdot arctanleft(sqrt{frac{{tanh a}}{1-tanh a}}right)$$
edited Jan 23 at 20:12
answered Jan 23 at 20:06
ZackyZacky
7,4301961
7,4301961
$begingroup$
This is the same as directly substituting the entire integrand with the new variable, is it not?
$endgroup$
– Matteo
Jan 23 at 20:37
$begingroup$
Pretty much yes, but it leaves a room to get rid of that $tanh a$, also this was OP's approach so I continued.
$endgroup$
– Zacky
Jan 23 at 20:45
add a comment |
$begingroup$
This is the same as directly substituting the entire integrand with the new variable, is it not?
$endgroup$
– Matteo
Jan 23 at 20:37
$begingroup$
Pretty much yes, but it leaves a room to get rid of that $tanh a$, also this was OP's approach so I continued.
$endgroup$
– Zacky
Jan 23 at 20:45
$begingroup$
This is the same as directly substituting the entire integrand with the new variable, is it not?
$endgroup$
– Matteo
Jan 23 at 20:37
$begingroup$
This is the same as directly substituting the entire integrand with the new variable, is it not?
$endgroup$
– Matteo
Jan 23 at 20:37
$begingroup$
Pretty much yes, but it leaves a room to get rid of that $tanh a$, also this was OP's approach so I continued.
$endgroup$
– Zacky
Jan 23 at 20:45
$begingroup$
Pretty much yes, but it leaves a room to get rid of that $tanh a$, also this was OP's approach so I continued.
$endgroup$
– Zacky
Jan 23 at 20:45
add a comment |
$begingroup$
Hint
Check if this approach is useful. The substitution
$$ y = sqrt{tanh(a)-tanh(x)}$$
gives you
$$y^2 = tanh(a)-tanh(x),$$
and, therefore,
begin{eqnarray}
&&2y dy = -(1-tanh^2(x)) dx\
&&2ydy = -left[1-(tanh(a)-y^2)^2right] dx\
&&frac{2y dy}{(y^2-tanh(a))^2-1} = dx.
end{eqnarray}
Then the integral becomes rational, i.e.
begin{eqnarray}mathcal I &=& int sqrt{tanh(a)-tanh(x)}dx= \
&=&2int frac{y^2dy}{{(y^2-tanh(a))^2-1}}=\
&=&2intfrac{y^2dy}{(y^2-tanh(a)-1)(y^2+1-tanh(a))}=\
&=& 2int frac{y^2dy}{(y-sqrt{tanh(a)+1})(y+sqrt{tanh(a)+1})(y^2+1-tanh(a))},
end{eqnarray}
recalling that $-1leq tanh(x) leq 1$. You can proceed from here with partial fractions.
$endgroup$
add a comment |
$begingroup$
Hint
Check if this approach is useful. The substitution
$$ y = sqrt{tanh(a)-tanh(x)}$$
gives you
$$y^2 = tanh(a)-tanh(x),$$
and, therefore,
begin{eqnarray}
&&2y dy = -(1-tanh^2(x)) dx\
&&2ydy = -left[1-(tanh(a)-y^2)^2right] dx\
&&frac{2y dy}{(y^2-tanh(a))^2-1} = dx.
end{eqnarray}
Then the integral becomes rational, i.e.
begin{eqnarray}mathcal I &=& int sqrt{tanh(a)-tanh(x)}dx= \
&=&2int frac{y^2dy}{{(y^2-tanh(a))^2-1}}=\
&=&2intfrac{y^2dy}{(y^2-tanh(a)-1)(y^2+1-tanh(a))}=\
&=& 2int frac{y^2dy}{(y-sqrt{tanh(a)+1})(y+sqrt{tanh(a)+1})(y^2+1-tanh(a))},
end{eqnarray}
recalling that $-1leq tanh(x) leq 1$. You can proceed from here with partial fractions.
$endgroup$
add a comment |
$begingroup$
Hint
Check if this approach is useful. The substitution
$$ y = sqrt{tanh(a)-tanh(x)}$$
gives you
$$y^2 = tanh(a)-tanh(x),$$
and, therefore,
begin{eqnarray}
&&2y dy = -(1-tanh^2(x)) dx\
&&2ydy = -left[1-(tanh(a)-y^2)^2right] dx\
&&frac{2y dy}{(y^2-tanh(a))^2-1} = dx.
end{eqnarray}
Then the integral becomes rational, i.e.
begin{eqnarray}mathcal I &=& int sqrt{tanh(a)-tanh(x)}dx= \
&=&2int frac{y^2dy}{{(y^2-tanh(a))^2-1}}=\
&=&2intfrac{y^2dy}{(y^2-tanh(a)-1)(y^2+1-tanh(a))}=\
&=& 2int frac{y^2dy}{(y-sqrt{tanh(a)+1})(y+sqrt{tanh(a)+1})(y^2+1-tanh(a))},
end{eqnarray}
recalling that $-1leq tanh(x) leq 1$. You can proceed from here with partial fractions.
$endgroup$
Hint
Check if this approach is useful. The substitution
$$ y = sqrt{tanh(a)-tanh(x)}$$
gives you
$$y^2 = tanh(a)-tanh(x),$$
and, therefore,
begin{eqnarray}
&&2y dy = -(1-tanh^2(x)) dx\
&&2ydy = -left[1-(tanh(a)-y^2)^2right] dx\
&&frac{2y dy}{(y^2-tanh(a))^2-1} = dx.
end{eqnarray}
Then the integral becomes rational, i.e.
begin{eqnarray}mathcal I &=& int sqrt{tanh(a)-tanh(x)}dx= \
&=&2int frac{y^2dy}{{(y^2-tanh(a))^2-1}}=\
&=&2intfrac{y^2dy}{(y^2-tanh(a)-1)(y^2+1-tanh(a))}=\
&=& 2int frac{y^2dy}{(y-sqrt{tanh(a)+1})(y+sqrt{tanh(a)+1})(y^2+1-tanh(a))},
end{eqnarray}
recalling that $-1leq tanh(x) leq 1$. You can proceed from here with partial fractions.
edited Jan 23 at 17:11
answered Jan 23 at 16:50
MatteoMatteo
848311
848311
add a comment |
add a comment |
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$begingroup$
How about trying with a substitution $sqrt{operatorname{tanh}(a) - operatorname{tanh}{x}} = y$, instead? Might it work?
$endgroup$
– Matteo
Jan 23 at 16:14
$begingroup$
Typing tips: we use {} to indicate groups, {} to indicate a pair of braces. Your code has lots of uncompleted groups, hence the compiler cannot process them.
$endgroup$
– xbh
Jan 23 at 16:29
$begingroup$
Where did you get this integral?
$endgroup$
– Frank W.
Jan 23 at 16:47
$begingroup$
@FrankW. In quantum mechanics while using WKB method
$endgroup$
– Aierel
Jan 23 at 16:48