If ${X_alpha}$ is a collection of mutually disjoint meas. subsets of $mathbb{R} rightarrow$ then at most...
$begingroup$
Let ${X_alpha}_{alpha in I}$ be a collection of mutually disjoint measurable subsets of $mathbb{R}. Show that at most countable of them has positive measure.
I want to see if my proof is correct.
Proof:
Let ${X_alpha}_{alpha in Gamma subset I}$ be the subcollection such that $m(X_alpha) > 0, forall alpha in Gamma$.
Since each set is measurable and has positive measure,
$$ forall X_{alpha}, alpha in Gamma, exists O_{alpha} = (a_alpha,b_alpha) mbox{ such that } O_alpha subset X_{alpha}$$
Now we must show that $|Gamma| leq |mathbb{N}|$
Let $f: {O_{alpha}}_{alpha in Gamma} to mathbb{Q}$ be the function that
$$f(O_alpha) = q_{alpha}, mbox{ where }q_alpha in (a_alpha,b_alpha)$$
This is possible because $mathbb{Q}$ is dense in $mathbb{R}$
This function is clearly injective since ${O_alpha}$ is a disjoint collection of open sets. Hence, the same rational can't be in two different open intervals from this collection.
Since $f$ is injective, ${O_alpha}_{alpha in Gamma}| = |Gamma| leq |mathbb{Q}| = |mathbb{N}| = aleph_0$
Q.E.D
real-analysis measure-theory proof-verification
$endgroup$
|
show 1 more comment
$begingroup$
Let ${X_alpha}_{alpha in I}$ be a collection of mutually disjoint measurable subsets of $mathbb{R}. Show that at most countable of them has positive measure.
I want to see if my proof is correct.
Proof:
Let ${X_alpha}_{alpha in Gamma subset I}$ be the subcollection such that $m(X_alpha) > 0, forall alpha in Gamma$.
Since each set is measurable and has positive measure,
$$ forall X_{alpha}, alpha in Gamma, exists O_{alpha} = (a_alpha,b_alpha) mbox{ such that } O_alpha subset X_{alpha}$$
Now we must show that $|Gamma| leq |mathbb{N}|$
Let $f: {O_{alpha}}_{alpha in Gamma} to mathbb{Q}$ be the function that
$$f(O_alpha) = q_{alpha}, mbox{ where }q_alpha in (a_alpha,b_alpha)$$
This is possible because $mathbb{Q}$ is dense in $mathbb{R}$
This function is clearly injective since ${O_alpha}$ is a disjoint collection of open sets. Hence, the same rational can't be in two different open intervals from this collection.
Since $f$ is injective, ${O_alpha}_{alpha in Gamma}| = |Gamma| leq |mathbb{Q}| = |mathbb{N}| = aleph_0$
Q.E.D
real-analysis measure-theory proof-verification
$endgroup$
1
$begingroup$
No, your reasoning is not correct. A set of positive measure does not necessarily contain a (non-trivial) open interval (consider e.g. $[0,1] backslash mathbb{Q}$).
$endgroup$
– saz
Jan 11 at 15:24
1
$begingroup$
See this.
$endgroup$
– David Mitra
Jan 11 at 15:33
1
$begingroup$
No, a closed set need not contain a rational number.
$endgroup$
– David C. Ullrich
Jan 11 at 15:35
2
$begingroup$
For example, say the ratinoals are $q_1,dots$. Let $V=bigcup(q_n-1/n^2,q_n+1/n^2)$, $F=Bbb Rsetminus V$. Then $V$ is open so $F$ is closed, $V$ contains every rational so $F$ contains no rational, and $Fneemptyset$ since $m(V)<infty$.
$endgroup$
– David C. Ullrich
Jan 11 at 15:38
1
$begingroup$
FYI, you might find it interesting to observe how the main idea used in the proofs by David C. Ullrich and saz can also be used to show that: (a) a monotone function can have at most countably many jump discontinuities; (b) in a "convergent uncountable sum" of non-negative real numbers, at most countably many of the numbers can be nonzero.
$endgroup$
– Dave L. Renfro
Jan 11 at 16:12
|
show 1 more comment
$begingroup$
Let ${X_alpha}_{alpha in I}$ be a collection of mutually disjoint measurable subsets of $mathbb{R}. Show that at most countable of them has positive measure.
I want to see if my proof is correct.
Proof:
Let ${X_alpha}_{alpha in Gamma subset I}$ be the subcollection such that $m(X_alpha) > 0, forall alpha in Gamma$.
Since each set is measurable and has positive measure,
$$ forall X_{alpha}, alpha in Gamma, exists O_{alpha} = (a_alpha,b_alpha) mbox{ such that } O_alpha subset X_{alpha}$$
Now we must show that $|Gamma| leq |mathbb{N}|$
Let $f: {O_{alpha}}_{alpha in Gamma} to mathbb{Q}$ be the function that
$$f(O_alpha) = q_{alpha}, mbox{ where }q_alpha in (a_alpha,b_alpha)$$
This is possible because $mathbb{Q}$ is dense in $mathbb{R}$
This function is clearly injective since ${O_alpha}$ is a disjoint collection of open sets. Hence, the same rational can't be in two different open intervals from this collection.
Since $f$ is injective, ${O_alpha}_{alpha in Gamma}| = |Gamma| leq |mathbb{Q}| = |mathbb{N}| = aleph_0$
Q.E.D
real-analysis measure-theory proof-verification
$endgroup$
Let ${X_alpha}_{alpha in I}$ be a collection of mutually disjoint measurable subsets of $mathbb{R}. Show that at most countable of them has positive measure.
I want to see if my proof is correct.
Proof:
Let ${X_alpha}_{alpha in Gamma subset I}$ be the subcollection such that $m(X_alpha) > 0, forall alpha in Gamma$.
Since each set is measurable and has positive measure,
$$ forall X_{alpha}, alpha in Gamma, exists O_{alpha} = (a_alpha,b_alpha) mbox{ such that } O_alpha subset X_{alpha}$$
Now we must show that $|Gamma| leq |mathbb{N}|$
Let $f: {O_{alpha}}_{alpha in Gamma} to mathbb{Q}$ be the function that
$$f(O_alpha) = q_{alpha}, mbox{ where }q_alpha in (a_alpha,b_alpha)$$
This is possible because $mathbb{Q}$ is dense in $mathbb{R}$
This function is clearly injective since ${O_alpha}$ is a disjoint collection of open sets. Hence, the same rational can't be in two different open intervals from this collection.
Since $f$ is injective, ${O_alpha}_{alpha in Gamma}| = |Gamma| leq |mathbb{Q}| = |mathbb{N}| = aleph_0$
Q.E.D
real-analysis measure-theory proof-verification
real-analysis measure-theory proof-verification
edited Jan 11 at 20:31
Eric Wofsey
183k13211338
183k13211338
asked Jan 11 at 15:19
Richard ClareRichard Clare
1,066314
1,066314
1
$begingroup$
No, your reasoning is not correct. A set of positive measure does not necessarily contain a (non-trivial) open interval (consider e.g. $[0,1] backslash mathbb{Q}$).
$endgroup$
– saz
Jan 11 at 15:24
1
$begingroup$
See this.
$endgroup$
– David Mitra
Jan 11 at 15:33
1
$begingroup$
No, a closed set need not contain a rational number.
$endgroup$
– David C. Ullrich
Jan 11 at 15:35
2
$begingroup$
For example, say the ratinoals are $q_1,dots$. Let $V=bigcup(q_n-1/n^2,q_n+1/n^2)$, $F=Bbb Rsetminus V$. Then $V$ is open so $F$ is closed, $V$ contains every rational so $F$ contains no rational, and $Fneemptyset$ since $m(V)<infty$.
$endgroup$
– David C. Ullrich
Jan 11 at 15:38
1
$begingroup$
FYI, you might find it interesting to observe how the main idea used in the proofs by David C. Ullrich and saz can also be used to show that: (a) a monotone function can have at most countably many jump discontinuities; (b) in a "convergent uncountable sum" of non-negative real numbers, at most countably many of the numbers can be nonzero.
$endgroup$
– Dave L. Renfro
Jan 11 at 16:12
|
show 1 more comment
1
$begingroup$
No, your reasoning is not correct. A set of positive measure does not necessarily contain a (non-trivial) open interval (consider e.g. $[0,1] backslash mathbb{Q}$).
$endgroup$
– saz
Jan 11 at 15:24
1
$begingroup$
See this.
$endgroup$
– David Mitra
Jan 11 at 15:33
1
$begingroup$
No, a closed set need not contain a rational number.
$endgroup$
– David C. Ullrich
Jan 11 at 15:35
2
$begingroup$
For example, say the ratinoals are $q_1,dots$. Let $V=bigcup(q_n-1/n^2,q_n+1/n^2)$, $F=Bbb Rsetminus V$. Then $V$ is open so $F$ is closed, $V$ contains every rational so $F$ contains no rational, and $Fneemptyset$ since $m(V)<infty$.
$endgroup$
– David C. Ullrich
Jan 11 at 15:38
1
$begingroup$
FYI, you might find it interesting to observe how the main idea used in the proofs by David C. Ullrich and saz can also be used to show that: (a) a monotone function can have at most countably many jump discontinuities; (b) in a "convergent uncountable sum" of non-negative real numbers, at most countably many of the numbers can be nonzero.
$endgroup$
– Dave L. Renfro
Jan 11 at 16:12
1
1
$begingroup$
No, your reasoning is not correct. A set of positive measure does not necessarily contain a (non-trivial) open interval (consider e.g. $[0,1] backslash mathbb{Q}$).
$endgroup$
– saz
Jan 11 at 15:24
$begingroup$
No, your reasoning is not correct. A set of positive measure does not necessarily contain a (non-trivial) open interval (consider e.g. $[0,1] backslash mathbb{Q}$).
$endgroup$
– saz
Jan 11 at 15:24
1
1
$begingroup$
See this.
$endgroup$
– David Mitra
Jan 11 at 15:33
$begingroup$
See this.
$endgroup$
– David Mitra
Jan 11 at 15:33
1
1
$begingroup$
No, a closed set need not contain a rational number.
$endgroup$
– David C. Ullrich
Jan 11 at 15:35
$begingroup$
No, a closed set need not contain a rational number.
$endgroup$
– David C. Ullrich
Jan 11 at 15:35
2
2
$begingroup$
For example, say the ratinoals are $q_1,dots$. Let $V=bigcup(q_n-1/n^2,q_n+1/n^2)$, $F=Bbb Rsetminus V$. Then $V$ is open so $F$ is closed, $V$ contains every rational so $F$ contains no rational, and $Fneemptyset$ since $m(V)<infty$.
$endgroup$
– David C. Ullrich
Jan 11 at 15:38
$begingroup$
For example, say the ratinoals are $q_1,dots$. Let $V=bigcup(q_n-1/n^2,q_n+1/n^2)$, $F=Bbb Rsetminus V$. Then $V$ is open so $F$ is closed, $V$ contains every rational so $F$ contains no rational, and $Fneemptyset$ since $m(V)<infty$.
$endgroup$
– David C. Ullrich
Jan 11 at 15:38
1
1
$begingroup$
FYI, you might find it interesting to observe how the main idea used in the proofs by David C. Ullrich and saz can also be used to show that: (a) a monotone function can have at most countably many jump discontinuities; (b) in a "convergent uncountable sum" of non-negative real numbers, at most countably many of the numbers can be nonzero.
$endgroup$
– Dave L. Renfro
Jan 11 at 16:12
$begingroup$
FYI, you might find it interesting to observe how the main idea used in the proofs by David C. Ullrich and saz can also be used to show that: (a) a monotone function can have at most countably many jump discontinuities; (b) in a "convergent uncountable sum" of non-negative real numbers, at most countably many of the numbers can be nonzero.
$endgroup$
– Dave L. Renfro
Jan 11 at 16:12
|
show 1 more comment
2 Answers
2
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$begingroup$
No, that's totally wrong. Saying $X$ has positive measure does not imply $X$ contains an open interval.
Hint: For $n=1,2dots$ let $$Gamma_n={alpha:m([-n,n]cap X_alpha)>0}.$$Show that each $Gamma_n$ is countable and that $${alpha:m(X_alpha)>0}=bigcup_{n=1}^inftyGamma_n.$$
(To show $Gamma_n$ is countable: Show that ${alpha:m([-n,n]cap X_alpha)>1/k}$ is finite...)
$endgroup$
add a comment |
$begingroup$
Hints: (I take it that you are considering $mathbb{R}$ equipped with the Lebesgue measure $lambda$.)
- Let $(Omega,mathcal{A},mu)$ be a probability space. Show that if $(A_{alpha})_{alpha in I}$ is a collection of measurable mutually disjoint sets, then $${alpha; mu(A_{alpha})>0}$$ is countable. Hint: Check that $${alpha; mu(A_{alpha}) > 1/k}$$ is a finite set for any $k in mathbb{N}$.
- Now let $(X_{alpha})_{alpha in I}$ be a collection of measurable mutually disjoints subsets of $mathbb{R}$. Define $$A_{ell,alpha} := X_{alpha} cap [ell,ell+1], qquad ell in mathbb{Z}.$$ Use Step 1 to prove that $${alpha; lambda(A_{ell,alpha})>0}$$ is countable for each $ell$. Conclude that $${alpha; lambda(X_{alpha})>0}$$ is countable.
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add a comment |
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2 Answers
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2 Answers
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$begingroup$
No, that's totally wrong. Saying $X$ has positive measure does not imply $X$ contains an open interval.
Hint: For $n=1,2dots$ let $$Gamma_n={alpha:m([-n,n]cap X_alpha)>0}.$$Show that each $Gamma_n$ is countable and that $${alpha:m(X_alpha)>0}=bigcup_{n=1}^inftyGamma_n.$$
(To show $Gamma_n$ is countable: Show that ${alpha:m([-n,n]cap X_alpha)>1/k}$ is finite...)
$endgroup$
add a comment |
$begingroup$
No, that's totally wrong. Saying $X$ has positive measure does not imply $X$ contains an open interval.
Hint: For $n=1,2dots$ let $$Gamma_n={alpha:m([-n,n]cap X_alpha)>0}.$$Show that each $Gamma_n$ is countable and that $${alpha:m(X_alpha)>0}=bigcup_{n=1}^inftyGamma_n.$$
(To show $Gamma_n$ is countable: Show that ${alpha:m([-n,n]cap X_alpha)>1/k}$ is finite...)
$endgroup$
add a comment |
$begingroup$
No, that's totally wrong. Saying $X$ has positive measure does not imply $X$ contains an open interval.
Hint: For $n=1,2dots$ let $$Gamma_n={alpha:m([-n,n]cap X_alpha)>0}.$$Show that each $Gamma_n$ is countable and that $${alpha:m(X_alpha)>0}=bigcup_{n=1}^inftyGamma_n.$$
(To show $Gamma_n$ is countable: Show that ${alpha:m([-n,n]cap X_alpha)>1/k}$ is finite...)
$endgroup$
No, that's totally wrong. Saying $X$ has positive measure does not imply $X$ contains an open interval.
Hint: For $n=1,2dots$ let $$Gamma_n={alpha:m([-n,n]cap X_alpha)>0}.$$Show that each $Gamma_n$ is countable and that $${alpha:m(X_alpha)>0}=bigcup_{n=1}^inftyGamma_n.$$
(To show $Gamma_n$ is countable: Show that ${alpha:m([-n,n]cap X_alpha)>1/k}$ is finite...)
edited Jan 11 at 15:47
answered Jan 11 at 15:33
David C. UllrichDavid C. Ullrich
60k43994
60k43994
add a comment |
add a comment |
$begingroup$
Hints: (I take it that you are considering $mathbb{R}$ equipped with the Lebesgue measure $lambda$.)
- Let $(Omega,mathcal{A},mu)$ be a probability space. Show that if $(A_{alpha})_{alpha in I}$ is a collection of measurable mutually disjoint sets, then $${alpha; mu(A_{alpha})>0}$$ is countable. Hint: Check that $${alpha; mu(A_{alpha}) > 1/k}$$ is a finite set for any $k in mathbb{N}$.
- Now let $(X_{alpha})_{alpha in I}$ be a collection of measurable mutually disjoints subsets of $mathbb{R}$. Define $$A_{ell,alpha} := X_{alpha} cap [ell,ell+1], qquad ell in mathbb{Z}.$$ Use Step 1 to prove that $${alpha; lambda(A_{ell,alpha})>0}$$ is countable for each $ell$. Conclude that $${alpha; lambda(X_{alpha})>0}$$ is countable.
$endgroup$
add a comment |
$begingroup$
Hints: (I take it that you are considering $mathbb{R}$ equipped with the Lebesgue measure $lambda$.)
- Let $(Omega,mathcal{A},mu)$ be a probability space. Show that if $(A_{alpha})_{alpha in I}$ is a collection of measurable mutually disjoint sets, then $${alpha; mu(A_{alpha})>0}$$ is countable. Hint: Check that $${alpha; mu(A_{alpha}) > 1/k}$$ is a finite set for any $k in mathbb{N}$.
- Now let $(X_{alpha})_{alpha in I}$ be a collection of measurable mutually disjoints subsets of $mathbb{R}$. Define $$A_{ell,alpha} := X_{alpha} cap [ell,ell+1], qquad ell in mathbb{Z}.$$ Use Step 1 to prove that $${alpha; lambda(A_{ell,alpha})>0}$$ is countable for each $ell$. Conclude that $${alpha; lambda(X_{alpha})>0}$$ is countable.
$endgroup$
add a comment |
$begingroup$
Hints: (I take it that you are considering $mathbb{R}$ equipped with the Lebesgue measure $lambda$.)
- Let $(Omega,mathcal{A},mu)$ be a probability space. Show that if $(A_{alpha})_{alpha in I}$ is a collection of measurable mutually disjoint sets, then $${alpha; mu(A_{alpha})>0}$$ is countable. Hint: Check that $${alpha; mu(A_{alpha}) > 1/k}$$ is a finite set for any $k in mathbb{N}$.
- Now let $(X_{alpha})_{alpha in I}$ be a collection of measurable mutually disjoints subsets of $mathbb{R}$. Define $$A_{ell,alpha} := X_{alpha} cap [ell,ell+1], qquad ell in mathbb{Z}.$$ Use Step 1 to prove that $${alpha; lambda(A_{ell,alpha})>0}$$ is countable for each $ell$. Conclude that $${alpha; lambda(X_{alpha})>0}$$ is countable.
$endgroup$
Hints: (I take it that you are considering $mathbb{R}$ equipped with the Lebesgue measure $lambda$.)
- Let $(Omega,mathcal{A},mu)$ be a probability space. Show that if $(A_{alpha})_{alpha in I}$ is a collection of measurable mutually disjoint sets, then $${alpha; mu(A_{alpha})>0}$$ is countable. Hint: Check that $${alpha; mu(A_{alpha}) > 1/k}$$ is a finite set for any $k in mathbb{N}$.
- Now let $(X_{alpha})_{alpha in I}$ be a collection of measurable mutually disjoints subsets of $mathbb{R}$. Define $$A_{ell,alpha} := X_{alpha} cap [ell,ell+1], qquad ell in mathbb{Z}.$$ Use Step 1 to prove that $${alpha; lambda(A_{ell,alpha})>0}$$ is countable for each $ell$. Conclude that $${alpha; lambda(X_{alpha})>0}$$ is countable.
answered Jan 11 at 15:39
sazsaz
79.7k860124
79.7k860124
add a comment |
add a comment |
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1
$begingroup$
No, your reasoning is not correct. A set of positive measure does not necessarily contain a (non-trivial) open interval (consider e.g. $[0,1] backslash mathbb{Q}$).
$endgroup$
– saz
Jan 11 at 15:24
1
$begingroup$
See this.
$endgroup$
– David Mitra
Jan 11 at 15:33
1
$begingroup$
No, a closed set need not contain a rational number.
$endgroup$
– David C. Ullrich
Jan 11 at 15:35
2
$begingroup$
For example, say the ratinoals are $q_1,dots$. Let $V=bigcup(q_n-1/n^2,q_n+1/n^2)$, $F=Bbb Rsetminus V$. Then $V$ is open so $F$ is closed, $V$ contains every rational so $F$ contains no rational, and $Fneemptyset$ since $m(V)<infty$.
$endgroup$
– David C. Ullrich
Jan 11 at 15:38
1
$begingroup$
FYI, you might find it interesting to observe how the main idea used in the proofs by David C. Ullrich and saz can also be used to show that: (a) a monotone function can have at most countably many jump discontinuities; (b) in a "convergent uncountable sum" of non-negative real numbers, at most countably many of the numbers can be nonzero.
$endgroup$
– Dave L. Renfro
Jan 11 at 16:12