If $|f'(x)| leq c|f(x)|$ for all $x in (0,1)$ then $f(x)=0$
$begingroup$
Question: Let $f:[0,1] to mathbb{R}$ be a real valued continuous function which is differentiable on $(0,1)$, and satisfies $f(0)=0$. Suppose there exists a $c in (0,1)$ such that $|f'(x)| leq c|f(x)|$ for all $x in (0,1)$. Show that $f(x)=0$.
Solution attempt:
$f$ being continuous at $x=0$, for a given $epsilon >0$ $exists$ a $delta>0$, such that $|f(x)|< epsilon$ whenever $x in [0, delta) cap [0,1]$.
Now, consider $|f'(h)|=|lim_{k to 0}frac{f(h+k)-f(h)}{k} |leq |cf(h)| implies lim_{ k to 0} |f(2h)| leq |f(h)|[1+ c|k|] $ Being continuous at $x=0$, $lim_{h to 0} f(h) = f(0) = 0 implies f(2h) = 0$ [by applying $|f(2h)| leq |f(h)|(c|k|+1) $].
In this manner, let us partition the interval $[0,1)$ into $n$ subintervals of length $h$ each. As the length $h to 0$, $n to infty$, and recursively, we get $|f(rh)| leq |f(h)|(c|k|+1)^r $. Hence, finally for all $r$, we get $f(rh)=0$. By continuity, we can safely say, for all $x$ in those respective subintervals, $f(x)=0$. Again, by continuity, we have $lim_{ x to 1} f(x) = 0$.
Hence, $f(x)=0$ for all $x$ in $[0,1]$.
real-analysis calculus derivatives proof-verification continuity
$endgroup$
|
show 7 more comments
$begingroup$
Question: Let $f:[0,1] to mathbb{R}$ be a real valued continuous function which is differentiable on $(0,1)$, and satisfies $f(0)=0$. Suppose there exists a $c in (0,1)$ such that $|f'(x)| leq c|f(x)|$ for all $x in (0,1)$. Show that $f(x)=0$.
Solution attempt:
$f$ being continuous at $x=0$, for a given $epsilon >0$ $exists$ a $delta>0$, such that $|f(x)|< epsilon$ whenever $x in [0, delta) cap [0,1]$.
Now, consider $|f'(h)|=|lim_{k to 0}frac{f(h+k)-f(h)}{k} |leq |cf(h)| implies lim_{ k to 0} |f(2h)| leq |f(h)|[1+ c|k|] $ Being continuous at $x=0$, $lim_{h to 0} f(h) = f(0) = 0 implies f(2h) = 0$ [by applying $|f(2h)| leq |f(h)|(c|k|+1) $].
In this manner, let us partition the interval $[0,1)$ into $n$ subintervals of length $h$ each. As the length $h to 0$, $n to infty$, and recursively, we get $|f(rh)| leq |f(h)|(c|k|+1)^r $. Hence, finally for all $r$, we get $f(rh)=0$. By continuity, we can safely say, for all $x$ in those respective subintervals, $f(x)=0$. Again, by continuity, we have $lim_{ x to 1} f(x) = 0$.
Hence, $f(x)=0$ for all $x$ in $[0,1]$.
real-analysis calculus derivatives proof-verification continuity
$endgroup$
1
$begingroup$
The third line in your attempt does not make sense.
$endgroup$
– Kavi Rama Murthy
Jan 10 at 23:43
$begingroup$
@KaviRamaMurthy which is?
$endgroup$
– Subhasis Biswas
Jan 10 at 23:44
1
$begingroup$
I am referring to $|f'(x)|=|lim frac {f(h+h)-f(h)} h|$
$endgroup$
– Kavi Rama Murthy
Jan 10 at 23:45
2
$begingroup$
Still makes no sense. $|f'(h)|=|lim_{kto 0} frac {f(h+k)-f(k)} k|$. Don't mix variables.
$endgroup$
– Kavi Rama Murthy
Jan 10 at 23:48
1
$begingroup$
You cannot use the same variable in your limit $(h)$ and the value of $f'$, they have to be "independent" of one another
$endgroup$
– symchdmath
Jan 10 at 23:49
|
show 7 more comments
$begingroup$
Question: Let $f:[0,1] to mathbb{R}$ be a real valued continuous function which is differentiable on $(0,1)$, and satisfies $f(0)=0$. Suppose there exists a $c in (0,1)$ such that $|f'(x)| leq c|f(x)|$ for all $x in (0,1)$. Show that $f(x)=0$.
Solution attempt:
$f$ being continuous at $x=0$, for a given $epsilon >0$ $exists$ a $delta>0$, such that $|f(x)|< epsilon$ whenever $x in [0, delta) cap [0,1]$.
Now, consider $|f'(h)|=|lim_{k to 0}frac{f(h+k)-f(h)}{k} |leq |cf(h)| implies lim_{ k to 0} |f(2h)| leq |f(h)|[1+ c|k|] $ Being continuous at $x=0$, $lim_{h to 0} f(h) = f(0) = 0 implies f(2h) = 0$ [by applying $|f(2h)| leq |f(h)|(c|k|+1) $].
In this manner, let us partition the interval $[0,1)$ into $n$ subintervals of length $h$ each. As the length $h to 0$, $n to infty$, and recursively, we get $|f(rh)| leq |f(h)|(c|k|+1)^r $. Hence, finally for all $r$, we get $f(rh)=0$. By continuity, we can safely say, for all $x$ in those respective subintervals, $f(x)=0$. Again, by continuity, we have $lim_{ x to 1} f(x) = 0$.
Hence, $f(x)=0$ for all $x$ in $[0,1]$.
real-analysis calculus derivatives proof-verification continuity
$endgroup$
Question: Let $f:[0,1] to mathbb{R}$ be a real valued continuous function which is differentiable on $(0,1)$, and satisfies $f(0)=0$. Suppose there exists a $c in (0,1)$ such that $|f'(x)| leq c|f(x)|$ for all $x in (0,1)$. Show that $f(x)=0$.
Solution attempt:
$f$ being continuous at $x=0$, for a given $epsilon >0$ $exists$ a $delta>0$, such that $|f(x)|< epsilon$ whenever $x in [0, delta) cap [0,1]$.
Now, consider $|f'(h)|=|lim_{k to 0}frac{f(h+k)-f(h)}{k} |leq |cf(h)| implies lim_{ k to 0} |f(2h)| leq |f(h)|[1+ c|k|] $ Being continuous at $x=0$, $lim_{h to 0} f(h) = f(0) = 0 implies f(2h) = 0$ [by applying $|f(2h)| leq |f(h)|(c|k|+1) $].
In this manner, let us partition the interval $[0,1)$ into $n$ subintervals of length $h$ each. As the length $h to 0$, $n to infty$, and recursively, we get $|f(rh)| leq |f(h)|(c|k|+1)^r $. Hence, finally for all $r$, we get $f(rh)=0$. By continuity, we can safely say, for all $x$ in those respective subintervals, $f(x)=0$. Again, by continuity, we have $lim_{ x to 1} f(x) = 0$.
Hence, $f(x)=0$ for all $x$ in $[0,1]$.
real-analysis calculus derivatives proof-verification continuity
real-analysis calculus derivatives proof-verification continuity
edited Jan 11 at 0:16
Subhasis Biswas
asked Jan 10 at 23:36
Subhasis BiswasSubhasis Biswas
488311
488311
1
$begingroup$
The third line in your attempt does not make sense.
$endgroup$
– Kavi Rama Murthy
Jan 10 at 23:43
$begingroup$
@KaviRamaMurthy which is?
$endgroup$
– Subhasis Biswas
Jan 10 at 23:44
1
$begingroup$
I am referring to $|f'(x)|=|lim frac {f(h+h)-f(h)} h|$
$endgroup$
– Kavi Rama Murthy
Jan 10 at 23:45
2
$begingroup$
Still makes no sense. $|f'(h)|=|lim_{kto 0} frac {f(h+k)-f(k)} k|$. Don't mix variables.
$endgroup$
– Kavi Rama Murthy
Jan 10 at 23:48
1
$begingroup$
You cannot use the same variable in your limit $(h)$ and the value of $f'$, they have to be "independent" of one another
$endgroup$
– symchdmath
Jan 10 at 23:49
|
show 7 more comments
1
$begingroup$
The third line in your attempt does not make sense.
$endgroup$
– Kavi Rama Murthy
Jan 10 at 23:43
$begingroup$
@KaviRamaMurthy which is?
$endgroup$
– Subhasis Biswas
Jan 10 at 23:44
1
$begingroup$
I am referring to $|f'(x)|=|lim frac {f(h+h)-f(h)} h|$
$endgroup$
– Kavi Rama Murthy
Jan 10 at 23:45
2
$begingroup$
Still makes no sense. $|f'(h)|=|lim_{kto 0} frac {f(h+k)-f(k)} k|$. Don't mix variables.
$endgroup$
– Kavi Rama Murthy
Jan 10 at 23:48
1
$begingroup$
You cannot use the same variable in your limit $(h)$ and the value of $f'$, they have to be "independent" of one another
$endgroup$
– symchdmath
Jan 10 at 23:49
1
1
$begingroup$
The third line in your attempt does not make sense.
$endgroup$
– Kavi Rama Murthy
Jan 10 at 23:43
$begingroup$
The third line in your attempt does not make sense.
$endgroup$
– Kavi Rama Murthy
Jan 10 at 23:43
$begingroup$
@KaviRamaMurthy which is?
$endgroup$
– Subhasis Biswas
Jan 10 at 23:44
$begingroup$
@KaviRamaMurthy which is?
$endgroup$
– Subhasis Biswas
Jan 10 at 23:44
1
1
$begingroup$
I am referring to $|f'(x)|=|lim frac {f(h+h)-f(h)} h|$
$endgroup$
– Kavi Rama Murthy
Jan 10 at 23:45
$begingroup$
I am referring to $|f'(x)|=|lim frac {f(h+h)-f(h)} h|$
$endgroup$
– Kavi Rama Murthy
Jan 10 at 23:45
2
2
$begingroup$
Still makes no sense. $|f'(h)|=|lim_{kto 0} frac {f(h+k)-f(k)} k|$. Don't mix variables.
$endgroup$
– Kavi Rama Murthy
Jan 10 at 23:48
$begingroup$
Still makes no sense. $|f'(h)|=|lim_{kto 0} frac {f(h+k)-f(k)} k|$. Don't mix variables.
$endgroup$
– Kavi Rama Murthy
Jan 10 at 23:48
1
1
$begingroup$
You cannot use the same variable in your limit $(h)$ and the value of $f'$, they have to be "independent" of one another
$endgroup$
– symchdmath
Jan 10 at 23:49
$begingroup$
You cannot use the same variable in your limit $(h)$ and the value of $f'$, they have to be "independent" of one another
$endgroup$
– symchdmath
Jan 10 at 23:49
|
show 7 more comments
1 Answer
1
active
oldest
votes
$begingroup$
Let $M$ be the sup norm of $f$. Let us prove by induction that $|f(x)| leq frac{c^nMx^n}{n!}$.
If $n=0$, this is obvious.
Let $n geq 0$ be such that $|f(x)| leq frac{c^nMx^n}{n!}$ for each $x$.
Then $|f’(x)| leq frac{c^{n+1}Mx^n}{n!}$ for each $x$.
Since $f(0)=0$, integration yields the desired inequality.
Now, the $RHS$ goes to $0$ as $n$ goes to $infty$, thus $f=0$ (note that $c<1$ is unimportant).
$endgroup$
$begingroup$
Can you please check out mine?! Correcting the mistakes will help me immensely.
$endgroup$
– Subhasis Biswas
Jan 11 at 0:05
$begingroup$
Ok: what does the inequality just after the first $Rightarrow$ mean?
$endgroup$
– Mindlack
Jan 11 at 0:08
$begingroup$
I used the fact that $||a|-|b||≤|a-b|$ and $k$ approaches $0$
$endgroup$
– Subhasis Biswas
Jan 11 at 0:10
$begingroup$
No, you did not. Because this inequality does not mean anything. $k$ is defined on the right hand side but not on the left hand side, for instance.
$endgroup$
– Mindlack
Jan 11 at 0:11
1
$begingroup$
To be brutally honest, I don’t think so. It seems to me to be very deeply flawed owing to it not manipulating limits with the necessary rigor. However, I cannot prove that there is no proof that borrows some part of your ideas, so ... ;)
$endgroup$
– Mindlack
Jan 11 at 0:32
|
show 7 more comments
Your Answer
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1 Answer
1
active
oldest
votes
1 Answer
1
active
oldest
votes
active
oldest
votes
active
oldest
votes
$begingroup$
Let $M$ be the sup norm of $f$. Let us prove by induction that $|f(x)| leq frac{c^nMx^n}{n!}$.
If $n=0$, this is obvious.
Let $n geq 0$ be such that $|f(x)| leq frac{c^nMx^n}{n!}$ for each $x$.
Then $|f’(x)| leq frac{c^{n+1}Mx^n}{n!}$ for each $x$.
Since $f(0)=0$, integration yields the desired inequality.
Now, the $RHS$ goes to $0$ as $n$ goes to $infty$, thus $f=0$ (note that $c<1$ is unimportant).
$endgroup$
$begingroup$
Can you please check out mine?! Correcting the mistakes will help me immensely.
$endgroup$
– Subhasis Biswas
Jan 11 at 0:05
$begingroup$
Ok: what does the inequality just after the first $Rightarrow$ mean?
$endgroup$
– Mindlack
Jan 11 at 0:08
$begingroup$
I used the fact that $||a|-|b||≤|a-b|$ and $k$ approaches $0$
$endgroup$
– Subhasis Biswas
Jan 11 at 0:10
$begingroup$
No, you did not. Because this inequality does not mean anything. $k$ is defined on the right hand side but not on the left hand side, for instance.
$endgroup$
– Mindlack
Jan 11 at 0:11
1
$begingroup$
To be brutally honest, I don’t think so. It seems to me to be very deeply flawed owing to it not manipulating limits with the necessary rigor. However, I cannot prove that there is no proof that borrows some part of your ideas, so ... ;)
$endgroup$
– Mindlack
Jan 11 at 0:32
|
show 7 more comments
$begingroup$
Let $M$ be the sup norm of $f$. Let us prove by induction that $|f(x)| leq frac{c^nMx^n}{n!}$.
If $n=0$, this is obvious.
Let $n geq 0$ be such that $|f(x)| leq frac{c^nMx^n}{n!}$ for each $x$.
Then $|f’(x)| leq frac{c^{n+1}Mx^n}{n!}$ for each $x$.
Since $f(0)=0$, integration yields the desired inequality.
Now, the $RHS$ goes to $0$ as $n$ goes to $infty$, thus $f=0$ (note that $c<1$ is unimportant).
$endgroup$
$begingroup$
Can you please check out mine?! Correcting the mistakes will help me immensely.
$endgroup$
– Subhasis Biswas
Jan 11 at 0:05
$begingroup$
Ok: what does the inequality just after the first $Rightarrow$ mean?
$endgroup$
– Mindlack
Jan 11 at 0:08
$begingroup$
I used the fact that $||a|-|b||≤|a-b|$ and $k$ approaches $0$
$endgroup$
– Subhasis Biswas
Jan 11 at 0:10
$begingroup$
No, you did not. Because this inequality does not mean anything. $k$ is defined on the right hand side but not on the left hand side, for instance.
$endgroup$
– Mindlack
Jan 11 at 0:11
1
$begingroup$
To be brutally honest, I don’t think so. It seems to me to be very deeply flawed owing to it not manipulating limits with the necessary rigor. However, I cannot prove that there is no proof that borrows some part of your ideas, so ... ;)
$endgroup$
– Mindlack
Jan 11 at 0:32
|
show 7 more comments
$begingroup$
Let $M$ be the sup norm of $f$. Let us prove by induction that $|f(x)| leq frac{c^nMx^n}{n!}$.
If $n=0$, this is obvious.
Let $n geq 0$ be such that $|f(x)| leq frac{c^nMx^n}{n!}$ for each $x$.
Then $|f’(x)| leq frac{c^{n+1}Mx^n}{n!}$ for each $x$.
Since $f(0)=0$, integration yields the desired inequality.
Now, the $RHS$ goes to $0$ as $n$ goes to $infty$, thus $f=0$ (note that $c<1$ is unimportant).
$endgroup$
Let $M$ be the sup norm of $f$. Let us prove by induction that $|f(x)| leq frac{c^nMx^n}{n!}$.
If $n=0$, this is obvious.
Let $n geq 0$ be such that $|f(x)| leq frac{c^nMx^n}{n!}$ for each $x$.
Then $|f’(x)| leq frac{c^{n+1}Mx^n}{n!}$ for each $x$.
Since $f(0)=0$, integration yields the desired inequality.
Now, the $RHS$ goes to $0$ as $n$ goes to $infty$, thus $f=0$ (note that $c<1$ is unimportant).
edited Jan 11 at 0:05
answered Jan 11 at 0:04
MindlackMindlack
3,11717
3,11717
$begingroup$
Can you please check out mine?! Correcting the mistakes will help me immensely.
$endgroup$
– Subhasis Biswas
Jan 11 at 0:05
$begingroup$
Ok: what does the inequality just after the first $Rightarrow$ mean?
$endgroup$
– Mindlack
Jan 11 at 0:08
$begingroup$
I used the fact that $||a|-|b||≤|a-b|$ and $k$ approaches $0$
$endgroup$
– Subhasis Biswas
Jan 11 at 0:10
$begingroup$
No, you did not. Because this inequality does not mean anything. $k$ is defined on the right hand side but not on the left hand side, for instance.
$endgroup$
– Mindlack
Jan 11 at 0:11
1
$begingroup$
To be brutally honest, I don’t think so. It seems to me to be very deeply flawed owing to it not manipulating limits with the necessary rigor. However, I cannot prove that there is no proof that borrows some part of your ideas, so ... ;)
$endgroup$
– Mindlack
Jan 11 at 0:32
|
show 7 more comments
$begingroup$
Can you please check out mine?! Correcting the mistakes will help me immensely.
$endgroup$
– Subhasis Biswas
Jan 11 at 0:05
$begingroup$
Ok: what does the inequality just after the first $Rightarrow$ mean?
$endgroup$
– Mindlack
Jan 11 at 0:08
$begingroup$
I used the fact that $||a|-|b||≤|a-b|$ and $k$ approaches $0$
$endgroup$
– Subhasis Biswas
Jan 11 at 0:10
$begingroup$
No, you did not. Because this inequality does not mean anything. $k$ is defined on the right hand side but not on the left hand side, for instance.
$endgroup$
– Mindlack
Jan 11 at 0:11
1
$begingroup$
To be brutally honest, I don’t think so. It seems to me to be very deeply flawed owing to it not manipulating limits with the necessary rigor. However, I cannot prove that there is no proof that borrows some part of your ideas, so ... ;)
$endgroup$
– Mindlack
Jan 11 at 0:32
$begingroup$
Can you please check out mine?! Correcting the mistakes will help me immensely.
$endgroup$
– Subhasis Biswas
Jan 11 at 0:05
$begingroup$
Can you please check out mine?! Correcting the mistakes will help me immensely.
$endgroup$
– Subhasis Biswas
Jan 11 at 0:05
$begingroup$
Ok: what does the inequality just after the first $Rightarrow$ mean?
$endgroup$
– Mindlack
Jan 11 at 0:08
$begingroup$
Ok: what does the inequality just after the first $Rightarrow$ mean?
$endgroup$
– Mindlack
Jan 11 at 0:08
$begingroup$
I used the fact that $||a|-|b||≤|a-b|$ and $k$ approaches $0$
$endgroup$
– Subhasis Biswas
Jan 11 at 0:10
$begingroup$
I used the fact that $||a|-|b||≤|a-b|$ and $k$ approaches $0$
$endgroup$
– Subhasis Biswas
Jan 11 at 0:10
$begingroup$
No, you did not. Because this inequality does not mean anything. $k$ is defined on the right hand side but not on the left hand side, for instance.
$endgroup$
– Mindlack
Jan 11 at 0:11
$begingroup$
No, you did not. Because this inequality does not mean anything. $k$ is defined on the right hand side but not on the left hand side, for instance.
$endgroup$
– Mindlack
Jan 11 at 0:11
1
1
$begingroup$
To be brutally honest, I don’t think so. It seems to me to be very deeply flawed owing to it not manipulating limits with the necessary rigor. However, I cannot prove that there is no proof that borrows some part of your ideas, so ... ;)
$endgroup$
– Mindlack
Jan 11 at 0:32
$begingroup$
To be brutally honest, I don’t think so. It seems to me to be very deeply flawed owing to it not manipulating limits with the necessary rigor. However, I cannot prove that there is no proof that borrows some part of your ideas, so ... ;)
$endgroup$
– Mindlack
Jan 11 at 0:32
|
show 7 more comments
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1
$begingroup$
The third line in your attempt does not make sense.
$endgroup$
– Kavi Rama Murthy
Jan 10 at 23:43
$begingroup$
@KaviRamaMurthy which is?
$endgroup$
– Subhasis Biswas
Jan 10 at 23:44
1
$begingroup$
I am referring to $|f'(x)|=|lim frac {f(h+h)-f(h)} h|$
$endgroup$
– Kavi Rama Murthy
Jan 10 at 23:45
2
$begingroup$
Still makes no sense. $|f'(h)|=|lim_{kto 0} frac {f(h+k)-f(k)} k|$. Don't mix variables.
$endgroup$
– Kavi Rama Murthy
Jan 10 at 23:48
1
$begingroup$
You cannot use the same variable in your limit $(h)$ and the value of $f'$, they have to be "independent" of one another
$endgroup$
– symchdmath
Jan 10 at 23:49